In 1974, Loftus and Palmer conducted a classic study demonstrating how the language used to ask a question can influence

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In 1974 Loftus And Palmer Conducted A Classic Study Demonstrating How The Language Used To Ask A Question Can Influence 1 (26.07 KiB) Viewed 33 times

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In 1974, Loftus and Palmer conducted a classic study demonstrating how the language used to ask a question can influence eyewitness memory. In the study, college students watched a film of an automobile accident and then were asked questions about what they saw. One group was asked, "About how fast were the cars going when they smashed into each other?" Another group was asked the same question except the verb was changed to "hit" instead of "smashed into." The "smashed into" group reported significantly higher estimates of speed than the "hit" group. Suppose a researcher repeats this study with a sample of today's college students and obtains the following results: n M SS Estimated Speed "Smashed into" 15 40.8 510 "Hit" 15 34.9 414 Do the results indicate significant difference in estimated speed between the two groups? Use a two-tailed test with a = .05. Pooled Variance Estimated Standard Error t Statistic Critical Values
t Distribution 12 m Degrees of Freedom 21 АДА Compute ra to measure effect size. -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 Reject H. These data indicate a significant difference in estimated speed between the two groups. Fail to reject H. These data do not indicate a significant difference in estimated speed between the two groups. Fail to reject H,. These data indicate a significant difference in estimated speed between the two groups. Reject H,. These data do not indicate a significant difference in estimated speed between the two groups. Now, increase the variability by doubling the two SS values to SS, = 1,020 and SS, = 828. Repeat the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size.
Now, increase the variability by doubling the two SS values to SS, 1,020 and SS, 828. Repeat the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size. Pooled Variance Estimated Standard Error t Statistic Critical Values Fail to reject H, These data do not indicate a significant difference in estimated speed between the two groups. Reject H.. These data indicate a significant difference in estimated speed between the two groups. Fail to reject H, These data indicate a significant difference in estimated speed between the two groups. Reject H. These data do not indicate a significant difference in estimated speed between the two groups. Increasing the sample variability Comparing your answers for the preceding parts, describe how sample variability influences the outcome of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size. the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis and the size of r².