SUBJECT: MARKETING CASE STUDY ON: . HeidelbergCement, Climate Change and Concrete Sustainability RESOURCES: https://www.

[answerhappygod]

SUBJECT: MARKETING
CASE STUDY ON: . HeidelbergCement, Climate Change and
Concrete Sustainability
RESOURCES:
https://www.heidelbergcement.com/en/ene ... f%20cement.
STRATEGIC OPTIONS GIVEN TO SOLVE THE CASE
STUDY: OPTIONS FOR REDUCING THE CLIMATE IMPACT OF CEMENT
MANUFACTURING
To reduce emissions from the cement manufacturing process,
the second option is to change the composition of cement.
Conventional clinker can be partially substituted for alternative
materials that include volcanic ash, certain clays, finely ground
limestone, ground bottle glass, and industrial waste
products—namely blast furnace slag (from manufacturing iron) and
fly ash (from burning coal). These materials leapfrog the most
carbon-emitting, energy-intensive step in the cement production
process. The average global rate of clinker substitution could
realistically reach 40 percent and avoid up to 440 million tons of
carbon dioxide emissions annually. Standards and product scales
will be key for realizing the opportunity of alternative cements.
To reach net zero, the problem is that in a competitive cement
marketplace, if no one else is doing it, it’s hard a company to be
the first one.
Globally, the energy intensities of thermal energy and
electricity have continued to decline gradually as dry-process
kilns – including staged preheaters and precalciners (considered
state of-the-art technology) – replace wet-process kilns, and as
more efficient grinding equipment is deployed. The global thermal
energy intensity of clinker is estimated to have fallen to about
3.4 GJ/t in 2018, representing annual average drop of 0.5% since
2014. Fossil fuels continue to provide the majority of energy in
the cement sector, with bioenergy and biomass-based wastes
accounting for only 3% of thermal energy used in 2018. In the SDS,
the thermal energy intensity of clinker production declines by 0.7%
per year to a global average of 3.1 GJ/t, and the electricity
intensity of cement production falls by 0.3% to 85 kWh/t. Other
reviewable contents to solve the case study: Economics of the
Cement Industry, Clinker, Cement, The problem is getting worse, not
better (The direct CO2 intensity of cement production increased
0.5% per year during 2014 18. To get on track with the SDS, a 0.8%
annual decline is necessary to 2030.)
QUESTION: Draw a Diagram that reflects the best
case and worst-case scenarios for how the future will evolve for
Heidelberg along with appropriate reference to your scenarios to
acknowledge whether it is recommendable if Heidelberg holds to its
gradual timetable for moving toward green cement production,
including waiting for regulations to force the necessary CCUS and
other operational changes to be implemented industry-wide, making
for a level playing field for Heidelberg and others. (Note the
targets Heidelberg has set for itself from its website.)