I NEED AN INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSION FOR THIS ASSIGNMENT. What is operating system security? Securing operating systems

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I NEED AN INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSION FOR THISASSIGNMENT.
What is operating system security?
Securing operating systems is very important. Bysecuring the various operating systems in the organization, youmake the environment stable and control access to resources andsensitive data on the servers. The operating system is the physicalenvironment where application servers run. Any vulnerability in theoperating system could compromise the security of the applicationserver.
Injection of malware, denial of service attacks and manymore severe intrusion directly into our operating system can occurand which may leads to loss of sensitive and confidentialinformation. So, to secure our operating system from this kind ofissues we can take various measures.
What is software security?
In a nutshell, software security is the process ofdesigning, building and testing software for security where thesoftware identifies and expunges problems in itself. Basically, theidea of software security involves a proactive approach, takingplace within the pre-deployment phase. The best practices leveragein building easier-to-defend code. It’s more about to help buildersdo a better job so that operators end up with an easier job. Butunfortunately, many software development companies are not aware ofthe importance of security best practices following the absence ofknowledge of how they can best architect and develop software basedon core security principles. It’s necessary to understand theimportance of building a secure software than regret later.
Why is software securityimportant?
In today’s’ business processes, a simple error can end upresulting in millions of dollars of loses. Not even big enterprisesare free of risks. The most common malicious attack like SQLinjections, command injections, buffer overrun, stack bufferoverflow attacks can harm the reputation of any well-known companyas the damage is remarkably huge.
For example, in 2011 Sony Pictures suffered a simple SQLInjection attack by LulzSec (a hacktivist group), which releasedaround 1 million user accounts, including passwords, emailaddresses, home addresses, dates of birth etc which broke theprivacy policy of their service. In the same year, Citigroupsuffered an exploitation of Insecure Direct Object Reference whichis known as the garden-variety security hole, caused theinformation leakage of their 200,000 credit card users. Even bigenterprises like Apple and Uber were under attack. And the mostrecent one, HBO was hacked in 2017 where the hacker released thescript of an episode of a very popular TV series that had not yetbeen broadcast and also gained access to financial documents, castand crew contact lists and other confidential information. Therewere rumors that HBO offered $250,000 as a “bounty payment” to thehacker.