1 )Please write a summary( 5 - 7 sentences) and 2 ) Please write a reflection ( 5 - 7 sentences) in the article below: A

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1 )Please write a summary( 5 - 7 sentences)and
2 ) Please write a reflection ( 5 - 7 sentences) in thearticle below:
A new study shows the human brain regions that expand the mostduring infancy and childhood are the same parts that expanded themost during evolution as humans diverged from other primates.
Researchers analyzed brain scans of 12 full-term infants andcompared these with scans from 12 healthy young adults between theages of 18 and 24. Data from the two groups were combined into asingle atlas to help scientists quantify the differences betweenthe infant and young-adult brains.
They found that the cerebral cortex, which is the wrinkled areaon the surface of the brain responsible for higher mentalfunctions, grows in an uneven fashion. Every region expands as thebrain matures, but the research showed one-quarter to one-third ofthe cortex expands approximately twice as much as other corticalareas as an infant matures into a young adult.
"Through comparisons between humans and macaque monkeys, my labpreviously showed that many of these high-growth regions areexpanded in humans as a result of recent evolutionary changes thatmade the human brain much larger than that of any other primate,"said study researcher David Van Essen of Washington UniversitySchool of Medicine in St. Louis. "The correlation isn't perfect,but it's much too good to put down to chance."
The high-growth regions are areas linked to advanced mentalfunctions, such as language, reasoning and what Van Essen calls"the abilities that make us uniquely human." He speculates that thefull physical growth of these regions may be delayed somewhat toallow them to be shaped by early life experiences.
The limitations on brain size imposed by the need to passthrough the mother's pelvis at birth might also force the brain toprioritize, said study researcher Dr. Terrie Inder, professor ofpediatrics at Washington University School of Medicine.
"Vision, for example, is a brain area that is important at birthso an infant can nurse and learn to recognize his or herparents," Inder said. "Other areas of the brain, less importantvery early in life, may be the regions that see greater growth asthe child matures."
Inder and colleagues are currently conducting similar scans ofpremature babies at birth and years later.
"This study and the data that we're gathering now could provideus with very powerful tools for understanding what goes wrongstructurally in a wide range of childhood disorders, from theaftereffects of premature birth to conditions like autism,attention-deficit disorder or reading disabilities," Indersaid.
The results will be published online this week in the journalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.