Introduction A pair of conductors, narrowly separated by an insulator (or dielectric, such as air, paper, or plastic), c

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Introduction A Pair Of Conductors Narrowly Separated By An Insulator Or Dielectric Such As Air Paper Or Plastic C 1 (132.98 KiB) Viewed 16 times

Introduction A pair of conductors, narrowly separated by an insulator (or dielectric, such as air, paper, or plastic), can store electric charges (as well as energy). Such an apparatus is called capacitor. The capacitance that measures the storage capacity is define as C=Q/V (1) where Q is the amount of charges stored and Vis the electric potential difference between the two conductors. In SI system, the unit of C is Farad (F). But 1F is a large value. C value in a typical circuit range from picofarad (pF) to microfarad (µF). Capacitance depends on the materials and geometry of capacitor. A capacitor made of two parallel metal plates separated by a dielectric gap is given by C = KE A/d (2) where K is the dielectric constant. A is the area of one plate and d is the distance between the plates. &o=8.85 10-¹2F/m= 8.85pF/m is the permittivity of free space. Equation (2) is the formula for an ideal case where the plates are perfectly parallel and C, A, and d are measured perfectly with no uncertainty. In reality, the experiment setup may not be perfect, and a measured value will always have uncertainty. In this lab, we will use equation (2) to analyze the given data collected by the experiment described in the following sections.
Data processing/analysis 1. Calculate the averaged value and random error (stdev.p) of C for each distance value. (each row or 5 runs) 2. Calculate the uncertainty from the instrument (capacitance meter) in the averaged C values calculated above. 3. Compare the random error with the instrument uncertainty. Answer the question below. (a) Is there a dominant one type of uncertainty? Does it apply to the full range of distance? 4. Calculate the theoretical values of C using equation (2) (K=1 for air). 5. Calculate the uncertainty in theoretical values caused by the uncertainties in the area A and distance d.