NEURAL TISSUE 2. In what direction does the action potential travel (from what structure to what structure)? ___________

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NEURAL TISSUE
2. In what direction does the action potential travel (from whatstructure to what structure)? _________________
3. Define continuous propagation
4. Define saltatory propagation___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Describe the function of myelin sheaths in relationship toaction potential conduction velocity.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. If this neuron received input from other neurons, where wouldthose signals synapse with this neuron?
a. Dendrites b. Axon terminals
7. Explain the difference between the absolute and relativerefractory periods (consider sodiumpotassium exchange pump in youranswer): __
8. Define Resting Membrane Potential _
9. Definethreshold _______________________________________________________________________________________
10. How is threshold reached?
11. Once threshold is reached, which ions flow out of thecell:
a. Sodium b. Potassium
12. Once threshold is reached, which ions flow into thecell:
a. Sodium b. Potassium
13. Explain why there is hyperpolarization during the relativerefractory period
14. A drug acts to decrease the concentration of extracellularpotassium ions, what effect does this drug have on the membranepotential. Would this drug enable or prevent threshold from beingreached?
16. What is the role of calcium in the propagation of the nerveimpulse
17. A drug acts to decrease the concentration of post-synapticreceptors of the neurotransmitter released from the pre-synapticcell in Figure 3, what effect does this drug have on thepropagation of the nerve impulse.
18. Define synaptic fatigue. __________________________
19. A drug acts to increase the concentration ofneurotransmitter released from the pre-synaptic cell in Figure 3,what effect does this drug have on synaptic fatigue.
SPINAL CORD & SPINAL NERVES Review: The nervous system ismade up of __________ cells and __________ cells. Which cellsconduct electricity? ___________________________ The largestportion of the neuron is the ____________________.
2. What defines an ascending tract versus a descendingtract?
3. Are tracts located in white matter or gray matter? Explainyour answer.
4. A person with polio has lost the use of his leg muscles. Inwhich area of his spinal cord would you expect the virus-infectedmotor neurons to be?
a. White matter b. Gray matter
5. A disease that damages myelin sheaths would affect whichportion of the spinal cord?
a. White matter b. Gray matter
6. The left lateral vestibulospinal tract is damaged in thespinal cord. Which side of the body will this affect?
a. Right b. Left
7. The right spinothalamic tract is damaged in the medulla.Which side of the body will this affect?
a. Right b. Left
1. Injury to which peripheral nerve would interfere with theability to breathe?
2. Injury to which peripheral nerve(s) would interferewith the ability to abduct the glenohumeral joint?
3. Injury to which peripheral nerve(s) would interferewith the ability to adduct the hip joint?
4. Injury to which peripheral nerve(s) would interfere with theability to flex the knee joint?
5. Injury to which peripheral nerve(s) would interferewith the ability to flex the hip joint?
6. Injury to which peripheral nerve(s) would interferewith the ability to plantarflex the ankle joint?