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ADOLPHE THIERS, REASON FOR FAVORING A REPUBLIC
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ADOLPHE THIERS, REASONS FOR FAVORING A REPUBLIC In 1873, when the country saw the administrative system, the army, and the finances reëstablished, and the foreign enemy departed from our soil, a universal demand arose for the abandonment of the provisional form of government, and for the establishment of a permanent constitution, which meant, to give to each party, weary of waiting, the government of its choice. But there were three monarchical parties, and but one throne. The idea of gratifying them all had, therefore, to be abandoned. As for myself, my mind was made up. In the presence of these three competitors, monarchy was impossible. A republic was difficult without doubt, but possible if prudence and wisdom were exercised. Under a republic France had just been revived. I should have preferred that the
question had not been brought up, but it could no longer be evaded. As a simple deputy, elected president of the republic by my colleagues, I stated the
question without allowing myself to solve it. I could do neither more nor less. The three monarchical parties, united in the common design of resisting the establishment of a republic, proposed to the Assembly that it separate itself from me, and, as I was not less desirous of separating myself from it, I handed in my resignation, for which my successor did not have to wait ten minutes.... Now I ask every honest man, to whatever party he may belong, if the Count de Chambord could be placed on the throne, with the opinions that he professes and with the flag that he unfurls, or if it is hoped that he may some day be acceptable after he has modified his views? We respect him too much to believe that he will do so. I will say nothing of the Orleans princes, who wish to be mentioned only after the Count de Chambord, according to their hereditary rank; but I ask if the country is ready to receive the Prince Imperial [son of Napoleon III], who, though innocent of the misfortunes of France, suggests them so keenly that the nation still shudders at the bare mention of his name?... Must France wait until her future masters are ready; until one candidate is brought over to other ways of thinking, until another has made an advance in his right of succession, and until a third has finished his education? In the meanwhile everything will be in suspense, -commerce, industry, finances, State affairs. How can businessmen be asked to engage in great industrial enterprises, and financiers to negotiate loans, when the future threatens fresh political troubles? And how can foreign cabinets be expected to strengthen their relations and form alliances with us, when French policy is liable to be directed by new chiefs and influenced by new ideas? We persistently ask if there be any other alternative than the following; either nevertheless, possible, for it is supported by an immense majority of the people. monarchy, which is impossible, because there are three claimants and but one throne; or a republic, difficult to establish without doubt, not because of itself, but because of the opposition of the monarchical parties, but, It is the duty, therefore, of this immense majority of the people to consult together, to unite and to vote against those who resist the establishment of the only government possible. Monarchy today, after the three revolutions that have overthrown it, would mean immediate civil war, if it were established now; and if put off for two years, or three years, the civil war is only postponed until that epoch. A republic is an equitable participation of all the children of France in the government of their country, according to their abilities, their importance, and their callings, -a possible and practical participation, excluding nobody except those who announce that they will govern only by revolution. A republic is absolutely necessary, for everybody who is not blind or lying must admit that it alone is possible.