LABORATORY EXERCISE QUESTIONS ~~1. Refer to the data on the corn kernel color frequency from Part I of the lab. (Remembe

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LABORATORY EXERCISE QUESTIONS
~~1. Refer to the data on the corn kernel color frequency fromPart I of the lab. (Remember there were four possible types forthis part of the lab.)
~~2. Recall from the background information that purple kernelsare dominant and yellow kernels are recessive. The second ear ofcorn was the result of crossing a heterozygous ear of purple cornby a homozygous recessive yellow ear (Pp x pp). This isrepresented by the Punnett square below. Complete the Punnettsquare by writing the correct letters that correspond to eachnumber indicated in the table. (2 points)
p
p
capitalP
1
2
p
3
4
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A 2 column by 2 row Punnett square. Above row 1 is capital P.Above row 2 is lowercase p. To the left of row 1 is capita P. Tothe left of row 2 is a lowercase p. Row 1 column 1 has a 1. Row 1column 2 has a 2. Row 2 column 1 has a 3. Row 2 column 2 has a4.
~~3. Once the Punnett square for Question 2 is complete,calculate the ratio of purple and yellow kernels (recall that ifthe dominant trait is present, it will be expressed).
a. What is the predicted ratio of purple to yellow kernels basedon the Punnett square? (4 points)
b. How did this compare to the real-world ratio obtained fromcounting the corn kernels for ear number two in Part I of the lab?(4 points)
~~4. Recall from the background information that purple kernelsare dominant and yellow kernels are recessive. Also recall thatsmooth kernels are dominant and wrinkled kernels are recessive. Thethird corn ear was the result of crossing a male ear of corn withthe following gametes, capitalPlowercasepcapitalSlowercases,with a female ear of corn with the samegametes, capitalPlowercasepcapitalSlowercases. This isrepresented by the Punnett square below. Complete the Punnettsquare by writing the correct letters that correspond to eachnumber indicated in the table (forexample, capitalPcapitalPcapitalScapitalSor lowercaseplowercaseplowercaseslowercases). (8 points)
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A 4 column by 4 row Punnett square. Above row 1 is capital Pcapital S. Above row 2 is a capital P lowercase s. Above row 3 is alowercase p capital S. Above row 4 is a lowercase p lowercase S. Tothe left of row 1 is a capital P capital S. To the left of row 2 isa capital P lowercase s. To the left of row 3 is a lowercase pcapital S. To the left of row 4 is a lowercase p lowercase s. Row 1column 1 has a 1. Row 1 column 2 has a 2. Row 1 column 3 has a 3.Row 1 column 4 has a 4. Row 2 column 1 has a 5. Row 2 column 2 hasa 6. Row 2 column 3 has a 7. Row 2 column 4 has an 8. Row 3 column1 has a 9. Row 3 column 2 has a 10. Row 3 column 3 has an 11. Row 3column 4 has a 12. Row 4 column 1 has a 13. Row 4 column 2 has a14. Row 4 column 3 has a 15. Row 4 column 4 has a 16.
a. 1:
b. 2:
c. 3:
d. 4:
e. 5:
f. 6:
g. 7:
h. 8:
i. 9:
j. 10:
k. 11:
l. 12:
m. 13:
n. 14:
o. 15:
p. 16:
~~5. Once the Punnett square for Question 4 is complete,calculate the ratio of corn kernel varieties (recall that if thedominant trait is present, it will be expressed).
a. What is the predicted ratio of all kernel varieties based onthe Punnett square? (4 points)
b. How does this compare to the real-world ratio obtained fromcounting the corn kernels? (4 points)
~~6. Refer to the data from Part II of the lab. List whether thestudent was positive or negative for each characteristic andinclude whether the characteristic is dominant or recessive. (6points)
~~7. Can the student tell from an individual's blood typephenotype alone (no information is known about the parents) if thatindividual is heterozygous or homozygous for their blood typegenotype? Explain for each possible blood type. (4 points)
~~8. Create a Punnett square to determine the possibilityof a couple having a color-blind child if the mother is color blindbut the father has normal vision. HINT: Use Xb toindicate an X with the color-blindness trait.What percentage of the female offspring will be color-blind? Whatpercentage of the male offspring will be color-blind? (4points)
~~9. Identify the Group Number that you were assigned for the‘Karyotype Activity’ posted in Procedures Part II, step E.Identify the biological sex and the chromosomal disorder (ifapplicable) indicated by your assigned Group Number’s karyotype.(If there is no chromosomal disorder, please state that thekaryotype was normal.) (5 points)
~~10. Based on the content provided in the lab, give an exampleof a specific medical condition for which a karyotype could be usedto diagnose an individual. Explain what symptoms are likely to beexhibited by an individual with this condition, and what thekaryotype would look like if an individual does have this disorder.(4 points)
~~11. Genetically speaking, why is it important not to mate witha close relative? Explain. (2 points)
~~12. Does a karyotype tell all of a person's geneticcharacteristics? Explain. (2 points)
~~13. Why is a photograph of cells in metaphase utilized whenconstructing a karyotype? (2 points)
~~14. What does it mean to be a carrier of a defective geneticcharacteristic? When might it be important to know if one is acarrier? (2 points)
~~15. From the hemophilia procedure: (4 points)
a. What were the possible genotypes of the offspring?
b. What is the probability of the males having hemophilia?
c. If there are 12 total offspring, how many are expected to befemales that have hemophilia?
d. If there are 12 total offspring, how many male carriers arethere expected to be?
~~16. Explain why more males tend to suffer from X-linkeddisorders than females. (4 points)
~~17. The student has a friend that knows the student is takingbiology, and she is confused about her blood type. Her blood typeis O, but her dad is A and her mother is B. She asks the student ifit is possible for her parents to have a biological child that isO. Explain the answer to her. (4 points)
~~18. In a flower garden, the gardener has dark purple and whitepansies. He notices that a new pansy has sprouted. When it finallyflowers, the pansy is lavender. Identify this inheritance patternand clearly explain how this happened. (4 points)
~~19. With a botanist friend's help, the gardener decides tocross the lavender pansy with the white pansy. Will this result inany dark purple pansies? Explain. (4 points)
APPLICATION QUESTION
~~20. (Application) How might the information gained from thislab pertaining to human genetics be useful to you as a healthcareprofessional? (20 points)