Case 3 A 40-year-old alcoholic male with massive ascites is brought to the ER after being found wandering in a confused

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Case 3
A 40-year-old alcoholic male with massive ascites is
brought to the ER after being found wandering in a confused state.
His blood pressure is 158/92 mmHg, temperature 101oF, respiration
26/min (shallow,) and pulse 75/min.
Arterial blood:
pH = 7.58 pO2 = 90 mmHg pCO2 = 10 mmHg bicarb = 9 mMol/L
Chloride = 103 mMol/L Sodium = 131 mMol/L K = 3.1
mMol/L
Serum albumin = 2.2 g/dl
Questions:
1. What is the type of acid-base balance
disorder?
2. What is its cause in this case?
3. Is there evidence for compensation in this
case?
4. Why is the serum calcium
decreased?
5. Why is the serum albumin
decreased?
6. Why is the serum potassium
decreased?
7. Why is the serum sodium decreased?
8. Why is the blood pressure high?
3
Case 4
A 58-year-old female is hospitalized after 3 days of
intractable vomiting. Her blood pressure is 100/50 mmHg,
respiratory 8/minute (shallow), pulse rate 101/min, and temperature
100oF.
Arterial blood:
pH = 7.55 pO2 = 5295 mmHg pCO2 = 52 mmHg bicarb = 44
mMol/L Chloride = 82 mMol/L
Serum Sodium = 135 mMol/L K = 3.2
mMol/L
Questions:
1. What is the type of acid-base balance
disorder?
2. What is its cause in this case?
3. Is there evidence for compensation in this
case?
4. Why is the serum potassium
decreased?
5. Why is the serum chloride
decreased?
6. Why is the blood pressure low?