1. Common between the traditional and modern epidemiologic triangle is this element: Time Causative factors Risk factors

[answerhappygod]

1. Common between the traditional and modern epidemiologic
triangle is this element:
Time
Causative factors
Risk factors
Host
Agent
2. The following factors X, Y, or Z can each individually
cause a certain disease without the other two factors but does when
followed by exposure to factor XY. Exposure to factor XY alone is
not followed by the disease, but the disease never occurs in the
absence of exposure to factor XY. Factor X is:
A sufficient cause, but not necessary
A necessary and sufficient cause
Neither necessary nor sufficient
A necessary cause but not sufficient
3. Outcome A commenced after exposure to A. This is best
referred to which of the following?
Specificity
Biological gradient
Temporality
Dose-response
4. Which of the following is not an important criterion
when making causal inferences?
Dose-response relationship
Predictive Value
Strength of Association
Consistency with existing knowledge
5. 1st statement: In observational studies, the
investigator places participants in treatment and control groups
through randomization.
2nd statement: In descriptive observational studies,
hypothesis/hypotheses are tested to generate new facts.
1st statement is true, while the 2nd statement is
false
1st statement is false, while the 2nd statement is
true
Both statements are true
Both statements are false
6. A clinician reports an unusual disease. This is an
example of which of the following?
ecologic study
case-series
case study
cross sectional study
7. It is the least publishable descriptive study.
Case series
Cross studies
Case study
Ecological
8. Uses of descriptive studies EXCEPT:
Healthcare planning
analysis of trends
testing hypothesis
development of hypothesis
9. Which among the following has the least quality of
evidence?
Case reports
Systematic review
Expert opinion
Cohort studies
10. Basic type of study design that uses comparison
group.
Analytic studies
Descriptive studies
Both
Neither