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Question 1 1.25 pts In this experiment, you will performing reactions characteristic of some organic families, so it is important to be able to distinguish between these functional groups. Indicate which functional group the following organic compounds belong to: [Select) [Select) [ Select) < [ Select] < [Select) If the pictures do not load, please open them here (and answer in this order): Prelab 4 Q1.JPG
- [ Select] > н н Н | | н-с-с-с-н 1 Н CI Н Н н -I . н—С—СОН > [ Select] I Н Н Н Н н O [ Select ] H—с-с-с-с- | Hн Н [ Select ] > нс-с CH3 Hн Н E0 о (Select ] к н-с-с-с-с | | | Н н н. ОН
Alcohols are classified as primary (1º), secondary (29), or tertiary (3), depending on whether the hydroxyl group is attached to a carbon that has one, two or three bonds to other carbons. 1º, 2º and 3° alcohols can behave quite differently. H H H H-COH OH OH -OH H H methanol primary alcohol (1) one carbon secondary alcohol (2) two carbons tertiary alcohol (39) three carbons Classify the following alcohols: н H3C-H2C-C-CH, Select) OH Н. H3C-H2C-HyC-C-H Select) OH CHỊ H. H3C-Ć --H Select] нон OH H CH3 [Select) H3C-C-CH3 OH 7.107 NOV
Primary and secondary alcohols can easily be distinguished from tertiary alcohols by reaction with an oxidant, such as acidic dichromate. acidic dichromate Cr,0,*"/H.SO. primary alcohol rapid oxidation (orange preen/blue) secondary alcohols rapid oxidation (orange green/blue) tertiary alcohols no reaction (stays orange) Primary alcohol → aldehyde H/Cr,0, CH oxidation a l'alcohol an aldehyde Secondary alcohol → ketone H/Cr, oxidation a 2' alcohol a ketone Tertiary alcohol OH H/Cr20, oxidation no reaction
Click on the reaction scheme below that shows the correct product in the oxidation of: H CHн Н ТТІ 1 н* / Cr,0,- но-с-с-с-с-н т 1 oxidation Н Hн Н О: нсH,H H ІІІ но-с-с-с-с-Н 1 1 1 1 нннн н* /Cr,0, oxidation СНЫН Н TIT с-с-с-с-Н ТТІ Hн Н о? о: нсHGHн ТТІГ но-с-с-с-с-Н | | | | нннн снян н н* /Cr,0; oxidation Н с-с-с-с-Н н | | | Hн Н нсHн Н | | | НО-С-С-С-С-Н III н ннн н* icro, oxidation нснэн Н ТІ но-с-с-с-с | | | Hн Н нсH,H H | | | | но-с-с-с-с-Н 11 1 1 н ннн н* iCr,0? oxidation H CH3 Н н-с-с-с-с-н ТТ | | Hн он
D Question 4 0.5 pts In this experiment you will perform colour reactions to distinguish between common functional groups containing oxygen. 1° / 2° alcohols, 3 alcohols, aldehydes and ketones can be distinguished from each other using characteristic colour reactions with dichromate and DNP, as shown in this table: alcohols 2.4 dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNP) aldehydes yellow or on crystals ketones yellow or orange crystals no reaction tertiary alcohol ketones acidic dichromate 6,04,40, primary alcohol rapid oxidation (orange green/blue) secondary alcohols rapid oxidation (orange/blue) aldehydes rapid oxidation (poes green/ be no reaction (stays orange) no reaction (stays orange An organic liquid Y did not react with DNP reagent. When a drop of Y was added to dichromate, there was also no reaction and the solution remained orange. To what family does Y belong? O 1°/2° alcohol Aldehyde 3° alcohol Ketone