- B A Soil Sample Was Collected In Alor Gajah Melaka Which Is Denoted As Sample Nsr Has Been Sieved For Design Purposes 1 (34.9 KiB) Viewed 11 times
100 90 80 70 60 Percentage Passing (%) 50 40 30 20 10 0 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 Seive Size (mm) Figure Q1(a): Sieve analysis result of the soil N
#No. 200 0.005 mm 0.075 mm #No. 40 0.425 mm #No. 10 2.0 mm #No. 4 4.75 mm 3/4" 19 mm 3" 75 mm USCS Clay Silt Gravel Cobbles Sand Medium Fine Coarse Fine Coarse 0.01 0.1 10 100 Fine Silt and Clay Medium Sand Gravel AASTHO #No. 200 0.075 mm #No. 40 0.425 mm #No. 10 2.0 mm #No. 4 4.75 mm 3" 75 mm ů Figure Q1(b): Particle size classification for USCS and AASHTO
TABLE Q1: The Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) Criteria for assigning group symbols Group symbol GW GP GM GC SW SP SM SC Gravels Clean Gravels Less Cu 4 and 1 <C<3 More than 50% of coarse than 5% fines Cu<4 and/or Cc<l or Cc > 3 fraction Gravels with Fines PI< 4 or plots below "A" line Coarse-grained soils retained on More than 12% More than 50% No. 4 sieve finesad Pl> 7 and plots on or above "A" line retained on No. 200 Sands Clean Sands Less Cu>6 and 1 <Cc 334 sieve 50% or more of coarse than 5% fines Cy<6 and/or Ce<l or Ce> 30 fraction Sands with Fines PI< 4 or plots below "A" line passes No.4 More than 12% sieve fines, PI> 7 and plots on or above “A” line Silts and clays PI> 7 and plots on or above “A” line Liquid limit less Inorganic PI<4 or plots below “A” line than 50 Liquid limit-oven dried Fine-grained soils Organic <0.75 OL zone 50% or more passes Liquid limit - not dried No.200 sieve Silts and clays PI plots on or above "A" line Liquid limit 50 Inorganic PI plots on below “A” line Liquid limit - oven dried Organic 0.75 OH zone Liquid limit - not dried Highly organic soils Primarily organic matter, dark in color, and organic odor "Gravels with 5 to 12% fine require dual symbils: GW-GM, GW-GC, GP-GM, GP-GC. Sands with 5 to 12% fines require dual symbols: SW-SM, SW-SC, SP-SM, SP-SC. C=D/D10; C = (D30) /D. Dio "If 4 SPI<7, use dual symbol GC-GM or SC-SM. *If 4 SPIS 7, use dual symbol CL-ML. CL ML OL CH MH or more OH Pt X
<30% plus No. 200 PL> 7 and plots on or above A-line <15% plus No. 200 15-29% plus No. 200 * sand 2% gravel % sand <% gravel 30% plus sand 2 gravel sand< gravel <15% gravel 215% gravel <15% sand 215% sand No. 200 <30% plus No. 200 Inorganic CL-ML 4 SPIS7 and plots on or above A-line <15% plus as No. 200 15-29% plus No. 200 9 sand 2% gravel sand <% gravel sand 2 gravel sand< gravel <15% gravel 215% gravel <15% sand 15% sand 230 plus No. 200 Lean clay Lean clay with sand Lean clay with gravel Sandy lean clay Sandy lean clay with gravel Gravelly lean clay Gravelly lean clay with sand Silly clay Silly clay with sand Silty clay with gravel Sandy silty clay Sandy silty clay with gravel Gravelly silly clay Gravelly silly clay with sand Silt Silt with sand Silt with gravel Sandy silt Sandy silt with gravel Gravelly Sil Gravelly silt with sand <30% plus No. 200 <50 ML PIC 4 or plots below A-line FIGURE Q1(d): Flowchart group names for inorganic silty and clayey soils <15% plus No. 200 15-29% plus No. 200 9 sand 2% gravel % sand < % gravel 2-30% plus % sand 2 gravel sand< gravel <15% gravel 215% gravel <15% sand 215% sand No. 200 Organic LL-oven dried LL-not dried 0.75 CH PI plots on or above A-line See Figure 5.6 <30% plus <15% plus No. 200 No. 200 15-29% plus No. 200 % sand 2 gravel 230% plus No. 200 % sand <% gravel % sand 2 gravel sand< gravel <15% gravel 215% gravel <IS sand 15% sand Fat clay → Fat clay with sand Fat clay with gravel Sandy fat clay Sandy fat clay with gravel Gravelly fat clay Gravelly fat clay with sand Inorganic <30% plus No. 200 MH <15% plus No. 200 15-29% plus No. 200 9 sand 2 gravel % sand <% gravel PI plots below A-line L.250 Elastic silt Elastic silt with sand Elastic silt with gravel Sandy elastic silt Sandy elastic silt with gravel Gravelly elastic silt Gravelly elastic silt with sand sand 2 gravel sand< gravel <15% gravel 215% gravel <15% sand 215% sand 230 plus No. 200 L-oven dried Organic <0.75) - OH - not dried See Figure 5.6
Group symbol Group name GW <15% sand Well-graded gravel 215% sand Well-graded gravel with sand GP <15% sand Poorly graded gravel 215% sand → Poorly graded gravel with sand GW-GM <15% sand Well-graded gravel with silt 215% sand Well-graded gravel with silt and sand GW-GC <15% sand Well-graded gravel with clay (or silty clay) 215% sand → Well-graded gravel with clay and sand (or silty clay and sand) GP-GM <15% sand Poorly graded gravel with silt 215% sand Poorly graded gravel with silt and sand GP-GC <15% sand Poorly graded gravel with clay (or silty clay) 215% sand Poorly graded gravel with clay and sand (or silty clay and sand) GM <15% sand Silty gravel 215% sand Silty gravel with sand GC <15% sand Clayey gravel →215% sand Clayey gravel with sand GC-GM <15% sand Silty clayey gravel 215% sand Silty clayey gravel with sand SW <15% gravel Well-graded sand 215% gravel → Well-graded sand with gravel SP <15% gravel → Poorly graded sand 215% gravel Poorly graded sand with gravel SW-SM <15% grave! Well-graded sand with silt 215% gravel Well-graded sand with silt and gravel SW-SC <15% gravel Well-graded sand with clay (or silty clay) 215% gravel Well-graded sand with clay and gravel (or silty clay and gravel) SP-SM <15% gravel Poorly graded sand with silt 215% gravel Poorly graded sand with silt and gravel SP-SC <15% gravel Poorly graded sand with clay (or silty clay) 215% gravel → Poorly graded sand with clay and gravel (or silty clay and gravel) SM <15% gravel Silty sand 215% gravel Silty sand with gravel SC <15% gravel Clayey sand 215% gravel → Clayey sand with gravel SC-SM <15% gravel Silty clayey sand 215% gravel Silty clayey sand with gravel FIGURE Q1(): Flowchart group names for gravelly and sandy soils