Physical Geography Exercise 5: Creating and comparing Climographs Climographs. One of the most useful aspects of the phy

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Physical Geography Exercise 5: Creating and comparing Climographs Climographs. One of the most useful aspects of the physical environment to examine is often the climate, since it has such a significant impact on the development of soils, natural vegetation, and the types of crops that can be grown in an area. It also influences human settlement. To better visualize a location's climate, it can be helpful to construct a climograph. A climograph is simply a graph consisting of the two main pieces of data we use to determine the type of climate a location has: mean monthly values of both temperature and precipitation. By comparing these, we can gain a fuller appreciation for how climates differ. For this exercise, you will create climographs for three locations in Oregon. Though they are relatively close to each other and all at about the same latitude, they still have significant differences in their temperature and precipitation patterns. Climate Data. The data for all three cities below is for the period 1981-2010 and is from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Mean monthly temperatures are in degrees Fahrenheit, and mean monthly precipitation is in inches. Graph these data on the graphs on the next page. Plot each temperature as a point centered above each month and then connect the dots with a line. Precipitation should be plotted as bars, which you should shade in with a blue colored pencil. Write the name of each city just above its climograph. Then answer the questions on the following page. (If you don't know where each city is, be sure to look it up on a map.) Newport, OR (Elev. 122 ft.) JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Temp Precip10.4 7.7 3.6 10.7 10.8 46 47 53 57 49 45 48 7.8 49 4.7 56 2.8 58 0.8 59 0.8 53 5.2 1.9 Salem, OR (Elev. 205 ft.) JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Temp 41 43 47 50 56 62 68 68 63 53 46 40 Precip 6.0 4.6 4.0 2.8 2.2 1.6 0.5 0.5 1.3 3.0 6.5 6.9 Redmond, OR (Elev. 3043 ft.) JAN FEB MAR APR MAY Temp 33 35 40 44 51 Precip 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0 JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 59 66 65 57 47 37 31 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.6 1.0 1.2
30 Testime 100 30 Teme 100 28 90 28 90 26 80 26 80 24 70 24 70 22 60 22 60 20 50 20 09 18 40 18 40 10 30 16 30 20 14 20 12 10 12 10 10 0 10 0 -10 OT -10 8 -20 8 -20 4 -30 4 ► -30 -40 E 40 2 0 -50 JABOND 0 -50 J F M A M J OND 30 100 00 50 20 24 70 22 00 20 50 18 40 16 30 14 20 12 10 10 B -10 5 -20 4 -30 2 -40 0 -50 JJ JEMAM JASOND
1. For each city calculate the mean annual precipitation WAJUMBO monthly means), mean annual temperature (the sum of the monthly means, and then divided by 12). and the annual temperature range the difference between the highest and lowest monthly mean temperatures). If necessary, round to the nearest tenth a) Newport Mean Annual Precipitation in Mean Annual Temperature (°F) Annual Temperature Range (°F) b) Salom Mean Annual Precipitation in Mean Annual Temperature (°F) Annual Temperature Range (F) Redmond Mean Annual Precipitation (in.) Mean Annual Temperature (°F): Annual Temperature Range (F) 2 Which city has the highest mean annual precipitation? Explain why what factors it the 3. Which city has the lowest mean annual precipitation? Why? 4. Which city has the lowest annual temperature range? Why? . 5. Which city has the highest annual temperature rango? Why? 6. When is the dry season in all three cities? Explain what causes this 7. Which city has the lowest mean annual temperature? Which has the highest? Explain why this is. Does either one surprise you? Why or why not?