Like a good cell biologist, you decide to look at C.rulez cells under a microscope and observe very interesting cell beh

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Like a good cell biologist, you decide to look at C.rulez cells under a microscope and observe very interesting cell behavior. The cells send out a protrusive extension that appears to be pushing small pieces of debris in the extracellular space. Intrigued, you do some experiments and find a branched actin network in these protrusive extensions that is necessary for this interesting debris herding behavior. Debris Protrusion Cell Body Question 21 1 pts Based on what you have learned about cell migration, which statement best explains how the C.rulez cells are pushing the debris around? Choose the ONE BEST answer Myosin walking on the branched actin pushes the protrusion which pushes the dearls forward The branched actin network is using actin-myosin based contractility to create a force to push the debris forward O Retrograde flow created by actin polymerization creates a force to push the membrane and this force is also able to push the debris on the outside of the cell Polymerization of branched actin oriented towards the front of the protrusion pushes the membrane forward and this force is also able to push the debris on the outside of the cell
Question 22 1 pts Testing whether these protrusions really do behave just like a lamellipodium, you use a Rac inhibitor and observe that the C. rulez protrusions stop pushing the debris forward and become stationary. Based on what you have learned about cell migration, what is a plausible explanation for what you observe? Choose the ONE BEST answer. The debris normally inhibits Rho, but Rac inhibition stimulates Rho which promotes the growth of a branched actin network at the front of the protrusion The debris is normally activating Rac, thereby stimulating the growth of a branched actin network at the front of the protrusion The debris is normally inhibiting Rac, which stimulates the growth of a branched actin network at the front of the protrusion O Inhibiting Rac also inhibits Rho, which stimulates the growth of a branched actin network at the front of the protrusion
Question 23 1 pts Trying to understand a bit more about how the C. rulez protrusions move, you put cells on a paper that is coated with fibronectin. Unfortunately, you forget to glue the paper down to the Petri dish you have placed your cells in and the paper easily moves around the dish. The C. rulez cells are able to grab onto the paper. However, instead of the protrusions continuing to push debris forward, you observe a new behavior. Based on what you have learned about the role of integrin and fibronectin in cell migration, what is happening to the paper? Choose the ONE BEST answer. The paper is internalized into the cell via endocytosis The paper is moving forward relative to the cell protrusion The paper is moving backwards relative to the cell protrusion The paper is moving up and over the cells
Finally, you want to understand how the C.rulez integrin molecule binds to fibronectin. You synthesize a peptide from fibronectin that binds to integrin: YAVTGREDSPASSKPISINYRTE You narrow down the sequence to find that RED seems to be sufficient for integrin binding Question 24 1 pts What peptide would be the best to synthesize to test whether RED is necessary for integrin binding? Choose the ONE BEST answer. O YAVTGCATSPASS KPISINYRTE O SPASSKPISINYRTE O YAVTG O YAVTGRED O YAVTGCAT O YAVTGRED SPA