QUESTION 13 (3 + 2 + 12 + 3 = 20 Marks) Amoxicillin is a widely prescribed, broad spectrum antibiotic. It is produced th

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QUESTION 13 (3 + 2 + 12 + 3 = 20 Marks)
Amoxicillin is a
widely prescribed, broad spectrum antibiotic. It is produced
through a semisynthetic approach. Penicillin G is extracted from
fermentation tanks and then, using penicillin amidase enzymes,
6-APA (precursor 1) is produced. A synthetic pathway to produce
amoxicillin from precursor 1 and precursor 2 is outlined on page
XX.

Question 13 3 2 12 3 20 Marks Amoxicillin Is A Widely Prescribed Broad Spectrum Antibiotic It Is Produced Th 1 (111.83 KiB) Viewed 46 times

STEP A1 OPTION 1: NaOH Penicillin Amidase H20, 20°C, 70 mins, 82% Yeild ܫܫ OPTION 2 NH3 Penicillin Amidase H20, 37°C, 30 mins, 55% Yield Precursor 1 STEP B1 STEP B2 OPTION 1: Alpha Hydroxyglycine Phosphoric Acid H20, 70°C, 7 hours, 69% Yeild MeOH, SOCI2 Toluene, 1 hour, 95% Page 7 of 8 میل OPTION 2 Glyoxylic acid Sulfamic acid H20, 70°C, 2 hours, 71% Yield Precursor 2 ch wohy STEP C1 Penicillin Amidase H20, rt, 5 Bar, 60 mins, 80% Yeild ok 2 Precursor 1 Precursor 2
Data Table for Question 3 Reagent Properties Cost NaOH Corrosive $140/kg NH4OH Corrosive, 30% solution in water. $55/L Alphahydroxy Glycine Non-Hazardous. $11000/kg Glyoxylic Acid Causes serious eye damage, allergic skin reaction. $2200/kg Sulfamic Acid Corrosive, creates $460/kg Phosphoric acid 85% solution in water, Highly Corrosive. $96/kg Phosphoric acid 85% solution in water, Highly Corrosive, Produced using carbon neutral, green methods. $680/kg