When people make estimates, they are influenced by anchors to their estimates. A study was conducted in which students w

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When people make estimates, they are influenced by anchors to
their estimates. A study was conducted in which students were asked
to estimate the number of calories in a cheeseburger. One group was
asked to do this after thinking about a calorie-laden cheesecake. A
second group was asked to do this after thinking about an organic
fruit salad. The mean number of calories estimated in a
cheeseburger was 780 for the group that thought about the
cheesecake and 1,041 for the group that thought about the organic
fruit salad. Suppose that the study was based on a sample of 20
people who thought about the cheesecake first and 20 people who
thought about the organic fruit salad first, and the standard
deviation of the number of calories in the cheeseburger was 128 for
the people who thought about the cheesecake first and 140 for the
people who thought about the organic fruit salad first.