(a) Consider the retaining wall geometry shown in Figure Q5a, where the water table is below the wall base. Soil layer 1

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A Consider The Retaining Wall Geometry Shown In Figure Q5a Where The Water Table Is Below The Wall Base Soil Layer 1 1 (110.98 KiB) Viewed 17 times

(a) Consider the retaining wall geometry shown in Figure Q5a, where the water table is below the wall base. Soil layer 1 is 1.5 m thick, with bulk unit weight of 18 kN/mº,c'= 0, and @' = 35°, and Soil 2 has bulk unit weight of 19 kN/m, c' = 5 kPa and 6 = 33º The unit weight of concrete is 24 kN/m2 and the wall base friction angle 8 = 27°. Following Rankine's earth pressure theory, (1) Estimate the total active thrust (Pa) acting on the retaining wall, including the effects of a surcharge of 10 kN/m² behind the wall. (2 marks) (ii) Determine the factor of safety against sliding. (3 marks) (ii) Determine the factor of safety against overturning, considering moments about Point 0. (4 marks) (iv) Estimate the maximum and minimum soil bearing pressures underneath the wall. (4 marks) (v) What is the minimum length of x (to the nearest 0.1 m) that ensures both factors of safety (sliding and overturning) are at least 3.0? (4 marks) (vi) Apart from increasing the length of the heel (X), suggest two other approaches to enhance the factors of safety for the design. (2 marks) 0.5 m 10 kN/m² Soil 1 4.5 m Soil 2 Soil pressure under the wall: V бе Pmax B беу Pmin B ](1+0) 1B 0.5 m 1 B 0.5 m 2.5 m [or x in Part (v)] Figure Q5a