(1 point) Pollution and pre-term births ~ Researchers collected data to examine the relationship between pollutants and

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1 Point Pollution And Pre Term Births Researchers Collected Data To Examine The Relationship Between Pollutants And 1 (157.59 KiB) Viewed 30 times

(1 point) Pollution and pre-term births ~ Researchers collected data to examine the relationship between pollutants and preterm births in Southern California. During the study, air pollution levels were measured by air quality monitoring stations. Specifically, levels of carbon monoxide were recorded in parts per million, nitrogen dioxide and ozone in parts per hundred million, and coarse particulate matter, PM10, in µg/m³. Length of gestation data were collected on 143,196 births between the years 1989 and 1993, and air pollution exposure during gestation was calculated for each birth. The analysis suggested that increased ambient PM10 and, to a lesser degree, CO concentrations may be associated with the occurrence of preterm births. 1. The paragraphs above describe an Observational Study V 2. The cases in this research are O A. Each birth between 1989 and 1993 ● B. Each type of pollution measured by air quality monitoring stations OC. Each year between 1989 and 1993 O D. Air pollution exposure during gestation 3. What is the research question? ● A. How can expectant mothers avoid air pollution? OB. How much air pollution is there in Southern California? OC. Are preterm births associated with air pollution levels? O D. How prevalent was preterm birth during the years 1989 to 1993?
O D. How prevalent was preterm birth during the years 1989 to 1993? 4. What is the population of interest? O A. All air quality monitoring stations OB. All environmental pollutants ● C. All years for which air quality has been measured O D. All human babies O A. All air quality monitoring stations OB. The pollution measurements for the 4 pollutants OC. The 143,196 babies OD. The years between 1989 and 1993 6. Can the findings of this study be used to establish causal relationships? O A. No, because this is an observational study OB. Yes, because air pollution is bad for human health OC. Yes, because the sample size is so large OD. No, because this is an experiment 5. What is the sample?