3) a) The concrete bridge pier in Figure Q3 a) is 6 m tall; it has an area of 10 m² and caries a load of 1 MN (including

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3 A The Concrete Bridge Pier In Figure Q3 A Is 6 M Tall It Has An Area Of 10 M And Caries A Load Of 1 Mn Including 1 (51.21 KiB) Viewed 32 times

3) a) The concrete bridge pier in Figure Q3 a) is 6 m tall; it has an area of 10 m² and caries a load of 1 MN (including self-weight). The pier is founded on the sandy bed of a tidal river. The sand extends to considerable depth below the pier and has a unit weight 19 kN/m³. The river bed is at low tide level and at high tide the water rises to 4 m above the river bed. For each case shown in Figure Q3 a), calculate the vertical effective stress (o,) at a depth of 3 m below the centre of the pier. 1 MN 1 MN 6 m 4 m 3 m Low Tide level High Tide level Figure Q3 a) b) What is the effective stress at 3 m below riverbed level at low tide and high tide before the bridge pier is constructed? c) Explain how capillary water in soils increases the effective stress within the capillary zone. Outline why it is unwise to rely on this in geotechnical design.