The most common soil and soft rock sampling tool in the US is the Standard Split Spoon. Split spoon tubes split longitud

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The most common soil and soft rock sampling tool in the US is
the Standard Split Spoon. Split spoon tubes split
longitudinally into halves and permit taking a soil or soft rock
sample. The tube size is designated as an NX. The NX outside
diameter is Do = 50.8 mm (2 inches) and its inside diameter is
Di = 34.9 mm (1-3/8 inches). This small size has the advantage of
cheapness, because it is relatively easy to drive into the
ground. However, it has the disadvantage of disturbing the
natural texture of the soil. In soft rocks, such as young
limestone, it will destroy the rock to such a degree that it
may be classified as a “sand”.A better sampler is the Shelby (or
thin-tube sampler). It has the same outside diameter of 2
inches (although the trend it to use 3 inches). Compare
the degree of sample disturbance of a US standard split-spoon
sampler, versus the two Shelby thin-tube samplers (2” and 3”
outside diameters) via their area ratio Ar (a measure
of sample disturbance).
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