name: PreLab Questions Measurement & Density 1. Why should data be recorded immediately in your lab manual and not on a

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name: PreLab Questions Measurement & Density 1. Why should data be recorded immediately in your lab manual and not on a scrap of paper? 2. Consider the incremental marks on a ruler or graduated cylinder. a. Record the volume of liquid in the graduated cylinder shown in Figure 1-note that you should read the lowest point on the meniscus and estimate between the lines. c. How do you record the measurement if the item being measured falls exactly on the mark? Record the volume of liquid in the graduated cylinder shown in Figure 4-note that the meniscus falls on the line marked 50. 3. An object was carefully weighed on 5 different balances. a. Calculate the average mass of the object. b. Calculate the standard deviation. standard deviation = drawer (higest value-lowest value) √N 11.389 g 11.385 11.401 11.389 11.392 3. Find the density of a metallic solid if it has a mass of 8.47 grams and a volume of 3.24 cm³. What is the most likely identity of the metal? (see Table A for the Densities of common metals)

-25 -20 standard deviation = Measuring the Volume of a Liquid: When a bauid is poured into a container, the liquid surface curves. This eurved surface is called a meniscus. The meniscus forms because of the attraction between the liquid molecules and the walls of the container. Water shows a more pronounced curvature than leas polar liquids 30 Figure 1. Reading the meniscus on a graduated cylinder (higest value-inwest value) When reading a volume, always position the container at eye level and read the bottom of the meniscus. Figure I shows a portion of a 50 ml graduated cylinder. The incumental marks (closest spaced lines on the scale) each represent I md. The bottom of the meniscus falls ist above the line representing 21 ml. We might estimate the volume to be either 21.4 or 21.5 ml. The degree of uncertainty in a measurement comes from the estimation of the last digit-in this case, to the nearest 0.1 m When taking a measurement with a piece of precision equipment, the value of the digit beyond the closest scaled subdivisions is estimated luulu P PI TI

ay be calibrated differently. Identify the volume etween the marks on each piece of glassware. Record this the Data Table (line A). dinum judi te balance room and find the mass of each. Record the lways record all digits imum volume with deionized add water until the meniscus volume of water should be as mL as possible (see Fig. 4). vater and record the mass on e balance to weigh the weigh the empty cylinder. mass of the empty cylinder write the value on the Data easurements (line E). Show your and your answer to the nearest Eye level 45 unknown number on your Report Sheet. (1) Fect (record all digits) on 6 different balances. (2) mate the standard deviation. 40 36 Figure 4. Read the volume in the graduated cylinder by observing it at eye level-look for the low point on the meniscus.