Part (a) (b) French car maker Citroen released the first DS model car in 1956. One of the key innovations was to use a h

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Part A B French Car Maker Citroen Released The First Ds Model Car In 1956 One Of The Key Innovations Was To Use A H 1 (77.22 KiB) Viewed 30 times

Part (a) (b) French car maker Citroen released the first DS model car in 1956. One of the key innovations was to use a hydropneumatic suspension system powered by a pump driven by the engine. The same system also operated the braking system. One of the design challenges was to select a hydraulic fluid, i.e. a fluid that can transfer force into pressure and that amplifies braking force. The first models were released with a mix of brake fluid and castor oil. These fluids were hygroscopic, i.e. they attracted and retained moisture. This meant that unless the fluid was changed frequently along with all seals in the system, corrosion led to system failure. After several unsuccessful attempts, Citroen released a new liquid, LHM, which did not take up water. This has been a successful solution ever since. However, in the United States, Citroen could not convince the Environment Protection Agency (EPA) that the new fluid was safe. LHM is a blend of highly refined mineral oils and additives. Environmental concerns include (1) human toxicity through inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, and ingestion and (2) aquatic toxicity (smothering and suffocation of aquatic and soil organisms by preventing the passage of oxygen and water). LHM fluid should either be incinerated or recycled at the end of its useful life. Based on the information provided above, briefly sketch the environmental impacts to consider in a cradle to grave lifecycle assessment of LHM fluid. Prepare a simplified example of an FMEA analysis of a hydropneumatics suspension system and use this example to show how Citroen could have convinced the EPA to certify the product Points 5 20