HPHA $309 Practical Exercise 2 (material from lectures 09 and 10) Name I INSTRUCTIONS: Since this is practical exercise,

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HPHA $309 Practical Exercise 2 (material from lectures 09 and 10) Name I INSTRUCTIONS: Since this is practical exercise, do the work individually, but you are free to ask for assistance. The goal is for you to learn and understand the material. These questions require thoughtful analysis. Take your time. You have a week to complete the exercise. N.B. - Several of the questions on this exercise will require you to look up information in resources other than the textbook and lecture notes. All calculations are to be done by hand. The use of a calculator is permitted, but do not use a statistical software package (e.g., Excel, SPSS, etc.). The purpose of this practical exercise, using small data sets, is to give you a familiarity with the steps involved in calculating statistical parameters, so that you understand what's going on "behind the scenes" when you do use statistical software packages on data from large data sets. If a problem says "Show all work!", show all work needed to arrive at the answer. That includes the formula (or a description of how to find the solution), entering the numbers into the formula, each step in the calculations, and your final answer. Do put your name in the heading on the paper Do round your final numerical answers to two decimal places: e.g., 0.1873 would round to 0.19, 0.1848 would round to 0.18, 0.02476 would round to 0.02 Do remember to follow the formatting instructions given in the syllabus: Commas in numbers having four or more digits; 1,875, not 1875 Leading zero in decimals that lack a whole number component; 0.352, not .362 Do remember to use parentheses, brackets, and braces correctly when needed. c.g.. TN/(TN + FP), not TN/ TN + FP The reason for this is that there is a standard "Order of Operations" in algebra (Google it): Compare: 2/(2+4)-2/6-0.333, but 2/2+4=1+4-5 Do not change the wording of questions on the exam paper. Do not just submit a document with answers on it. To create a table, do use the Insert > Table function in Word Do type your calculations on the exam paper, not on a separate sheet.
HPHA 5309 Practical Exercise 2 (material from lectures 09 and 10) Name Do not do your work or have your answers in red font, I use red font for markups. Do put your final answers in bold font "and highlighted in yellow. Do submit your practical exercise through the Assignments Tool as an MS Word document *only" (no pdfs, no scanned sheets). Do title your submission as follows: LastName FirstInitial 5309 PE 1 No commas, no underscores E.g.. Smith J 5309 PE 3 I save practical exercises, and that format saves them alphabetically by last name; tells me what course it's from; and what the assignment was. Titles such as "Practical Exercise", "PE 3", "Stats"; "J Smith"; etc., mean that I have to relabel each of those assignments when I save them, and considering the number of students in all of my courses, that takes a considerable amount of time. So, the watchword is, "Help the professor". It's greatly appreciated!! Point values for each question are indicated in parentheses following the question. Partial credit may be given for solutions that are partially correct; conversely, partial credit will be deducted for solutions that are partially incorrect, do not show all work, or are not formatted as specified. Use additional space/pages as needed. Your responses must be submitted to the Assignments drop box by the due date as indicated in the course syllabus. Failure to follow these rules will result in point deductions. Let me know if you have any questions. Do well!!
HPHA 5309 Practical Exercise 2 (material from lectures 09 and 10) Name 1. A blood test to diagnose a disease was performed on a number of patients. Given the following data: Number of patients - 1,561 Number of patients who had a positive test result and had the disease - 1,193 Number of patients who had a negative test, and did not have the disease=253 Number of patients who had a positive test result, but did not have the disease = 58 Number of patients who had a negative test result, but who had the disease-57 a. Construct, label, and completely fill in a 2 x 2 decision table that accurately reflects the data (10 points) b. Calculate the sensitivity of the test (5 points) c. Calculate the specificity of the test (5 points) d. Calculate the false positive rate (5 points) e. Calculate the false negative rate. (5 points) 2. A blood test to diagnose a disease was performed on a number of patients. Given the following information: Number of patients who have a positive test result and have the disease = 1,491 Number of patients who have a negative test result = 3,149 Number of patients who have a positive test result but don't have the disease - 89 Number of patients who do not have the disease = 3,017 a. Construct, label, and completely fill in a 2 x 2 decision table that accurately reflects the data (10 points) b. Calculate the sensitivity of the test (5 points) c. Calculate the specificity of the test (5 points) d. Calculate the False Positive Rate (5 points) e. Calculate the False Negative Rate (5 points) 3. Two groups of patients were chosen in order to compare a new treatment with a standard treatment. One group of patients received the new treatment and one group received the standard treatment. Some patients in each group had an adverse outcome and some patients in each group had a good outcome. Given the following data: Number of patients (total) = 4,697 Number of patients who had an adverse outcome with the new treatment = 168 Number of patients who had an adverse outcome with the standard treatment = 205 2,257 Number of patients who had a good outcome with the new treatment = Number of patients who had a good outcome with the standard treatment 2,067
Name HPHA 5309 Practical Exercise 2 (material from lectures 09 and 10) a. Construct, label, and completely fill in a 2 x 2 decision table that accurately reflects the data (10 points) b. Calculate the relative risk of an adverse outcome for the new treatment (5 points) c. Calculate the relative risk reduction for the new treatment (5 points) d. Calculate the risk difference (5 points) e. Calculate the number needed to treat for the new treatment (5 points) 4. A restaurant in your town had 163 diners on Friday night. By Monday evening, 24 of those diners had reported to the Emergency Department, outpatient clinics, or saw their physicians with symptoms of gastrointestinal distress, suggesting food poisoning. Stool cultures for Salmonella were positive in all 24 diners. a. What is the estimated probability of a diner having contracted food poisoning at that restaurant on that Friday night? (5 pts) [*Note: This is an estimated probability because it doesn't include persons whose symptoms may not have been severe enough for them to have sought medical attention (the actual probability could be higher); nor does it exclude the possibility that some of those symptomatic people may have contracted food poisoning from some other source (the actual probability could be lower); but the estimated probability would give epidemiologists a base line figure to work from. 5. In 2015, Texas led the nation in the percentage of people who lacked health insurance (21.6% of the population). It is known that 5% of patients account for 50% of the costs of healthcare. These are the "high cost" patients Assume that: Being a high cost patient and being uninsured are independent characteristics Insured and uninsured people become "patients" at the same rate The uninsured and high cost patients in Texas are evenly distributed across the state, and that high cost patients are evenly distributed across insured and uninsured patient populations. a. What is the probability that a patient in a Texas healthcare facility will be a high cost patient who is uninsured? (5 pts) *[These are huge and unrealistic assumptions, but let's assume them just for the purpose of this problem].