Isadora is a first-year surgery resident on her first pediatric rotation. Her attending (consultant) asks her to immedia

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Isadora is a first-year surgery resident on her first pediatricrotation. Her attending (consultant) asks her to immediately startintravenous (IV) replacement fluids on a two-year-old girl who isexperiencing vomiting and diarrhea. Isadora has recently learnedthe guidelines for calculating fluid replacement rates for verysmall children; however, she confuses them and picks a rate that istoo high. Which of the following reasons that errors often occur inhealth care most clearly played a role in this scenario?
A. Providers may not be prepared to work as a well-integratedteam, so multiple caregivers and patient handovers leave room formiscommunication at every turn.
B. Diagnosing and treating patients is incredibly complex andoften performed under time pressure and/or with insufficientinformation.
C. The science of medicine is filled with nuance and gray areas,and what one health care organization feels is good practice,another may not.
D. The “culture of safety” (meaning the attitudes, perceptions,and values that employees share in relation to safety) may be weakin health care compared to other high-risk industries.