PLEASE ANSWER ALL QUESTION BELOW: (Topic) Estimating Demand 1. All of the following are reasons why an associati

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PLEASE ANSWER ALL QUESTION BELOW:
(Topic) Estimating Demand
1. All of thefollowing are reasons why an association relationship may not implya causal relationship except:
a. the association may be due to pure chance
b. the association may be the result of the influence of a thirdcommon factor
c. both variables may be the cause and the effect at the sametime
d. the association may be hypothetical
e. both c and d
2. Inregression analysis, the existence of a significant pattern insuccessive values of the error term constitutes:
a. heteroscedasticity
b. autocorrelation
c. multicollinearity
d. nonlinearities
e. a simultaneous equation relationship
3. Inregression analysis, the existence of a high degree ofintercorrelation among some or all of the explanatory variables inthe regression equation constitutes:
a. autocorrelation
b. a simultaneous equation relationship
c. nonlinearities
d. heteroscedasticity
e. multicollinearity
4. Whenusing a multiplicative power function (Y = aX1b1 X2b2X3b3) to represent an economic relationship,estimates of the parameters (a, b's) using linear regressionanalysis can be obtained by first applying a ___________transformation to convert the function to a linearrelationship.
a. semilogarithmic
b. double-logarithmic
c. reciprocal
d. polynomial
e. cubic
5. Thecorrelation coefficient ranges in value between 0.0 and 1.0.
a. true
b. false
6. Thecoefficient of determination ranges in value between 0.0 and1.0.
a. true
b. false
7. The coefficient ofdetermination measures the proportion of the variation in theindependent variable that is "explained" by the regressionline.
a. true
b. false
8. Thepresence of association between two variables does not necessarilyimply causation for the following reason(s):
a. the association between two variables may result simply frompure chance
b. the association between two variables may be the result of theinfluence of a third common factor
c. bothvariables may be the cause and the effect at the same time
d. a and b
e. a, b, and c
9. Theestimated slope coefficient (b) of the regression equation (Y = a +bX) measures the _____________ change in Y for a one _______ changein X.
a. percentage, unit
b. percentage, percent
c. unit, unit
d. unit, percent
e. none of the above
10.The standard deviation of the error terms in an estimatedregression equation is known as:
a. coefficient of determination
b. correlation coefficient
c. Durbin-Watson statistic
d. standard error of the estimate
e. none of the above
11. In testingwhether each of the independent variables (Xs) in a multipleregression equation is statistically significant in explaining thedependent variable (Y), one uses the:
a. F-test
b. Durbin-Watson test
c. t-test
d. z-test
e. none of the above
12. One commonlyused test in checking for the presence of autocorrelation whenworking with time series data is the _______________.
a. F-test
b. Durbin-Watson test
c. t-test
d. z-test
e. none of the above