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QUESTION Which of the following is usually true about a neuron at rest? There is relatively more negative charge inside the cell membrane. There is relatively more negative charge outside the cell membrane. There is no difference in charge across the cell membrane. The resting potential is about +70 mV.
QUESTION Why can potassium ions easily diffuse across the membrane of neurons at rest, unlike most other ions? Potassium is the only ion that has a concentration gradient across the membrane. The potassium pump selectively diffuses it out. Potassium channels are the main type of ion channels that are open at rest, and most ions can't diffuse directly across cell membranes. The resting membrane potential selectively pushes potassium out.
QUESTION How does the sodium-potassium pump contribute to the resting membrane potential? It pushes potassium into the cell, creating a charge across the membrane. It opens potassium and sodium channels, allowing these ions to equilibrate across the membrane until the resting potential is reached. It uses up energy that would otherwise be used to fire action potentials, maintaining the resting potential. It establishes a gradient of potassium across the membrane; potassium ions then flow down the gradient, creating a charge across the membrane.
QUESTION When voltage-gated sodium channels open in a neuron, what happens to the membrane potential as a result? It hyperpolarizes to threshold. It depolarizes to threshold. OIt hyperpolarizes rapidly. It depolarizes rapidly.