QUESTION 2 (a) Define mass density as used in fluid mechanics and show that the weight density of a fluid can be obtaine

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Question 2 A Define Mass Density As Used In Fluid Mechanics And Show That The Weight Density Of A Fluid Can Be Obtaine 1 (726.61 KiB) Viewed 17 times

QUESTION 2 (a) Define mass density as used in fluid mechanics and show that the weight density of a fluid can be obtained by multiplying the mass density of the fluid by gravitational acceleration (g). (3 marks) (b) A horizontal jet of water from a 50mm diameter nozzle impacts normally on a stationary flat plate. The water leaves the nozzle at a velocity of 6.3m/s. Assuming that the water jet hits the plate at this same velocity, calculate the force exerted by the water on the plate. (5 marks) (c) Water enters a 60 degree bend in a horizontal pipe at a velocity of 2.5 m/s. The diameter of the pipe at entry is 200 mm and at exit, it is 300 mm. The water pressure at the entry and at exit are given as a 30 and 20 m head of water respectively. Ignoring the loss of energy due to friction in the bend, determine the force exerted on the bend by the flow of water at steady state. (12 marks)
QUESTION 3 (a) Briefly explain the experiments conducted by Reynolds that led to the development of theory of pipe flow and flow classification? Prepare a table comparing the main characteristics of laminar and turbulent flow. (b) A pump is used as shown in Figure Q3(b) to lift water from a reservoir A to B. The diameter of the pipe is 250 mm, length 5000 m and the Darcy friction factor is 0.025. If the pump (located 2 m from reservoir A) imparts an energy head of 272 m, determine the discharge through the pipe. Assume a pipe entry loss coefficient of 2.1 and a pipe exit loss coefficient of 4.5. Reservoir A 112m Pump Figure Q3(b) (5 marks) Reservoir B (8 marks) (c) Determine the pressure in the pipe at a point 64 m vertically above the water level in reservoir A in Figure Q3(b). The distance along the pipe to this point is 3750 m from the beginning of the pipe. (5 marks) (d) Draw the energy grade line and hydraulic grade line for the system in Figure Q3(b). (2 marks)
QUESTION 3 (a) Briefly explain the experiments conducted by Reynolds that led to the development of theory of pipe flow and flow classification? Prepare a table comparing the main characteristics of laminar and turbulent flow. (b) A pump is used as shown in Figure Q3(b) to lift water from a reservoir A to B. The diameter of the pipe is 250 mm, length 5000 m and the Darcy friction factor is 0.025. If the pump (located 2 m from reservoir A) imparts an energy head of 272 m, determine the discharge through the pipe. Assume a pipe entry loss coefficient of 2.1 and a pipe exit loss coefficient of 4.5. Reservoir A 112m Pump Figure Q3(b) (5 marks) Reservoir B (8 marks) (c) Determine the pressure in the pipe at a point 64 m vertically above the water level in reservoir A in Figure Q3(b). The distance along the pipe to this point is 3750 m from the beginning of the pipe. (5 marks) (d) Draw the energy grade line and hydraulic grade line for the system in Figure Q3(b). (2 marks)