- Physical Property Cleavage Color Crystal Form Fracture Hardness Luster Magnetism Reaction To Hci Specific Gravity Strea 1 (67.29 KiB) Viewed 11 times
- Physical Property Cleavage Color Crystal Form Fracture Hardness Luster Magnetism Reaction To Hci Specific Gravity Strea 2 (46.41 KiB) Viewed 11 times
- Physical Property Cleavage Color Crystal Form Fracture Hardness Luster Magnetism Reaction To Hci Specific Gravity Strea 3 (35.07 KiB) Viewed 11 times
PHYSICAL PROPERTY Cleavage Color Crystal Form Fracture Hardness Luster Magnetism. Reaction to HCI Specific Gravity Streak Taste Mineral Physical Properties Chart Definition Breakage of a mineral along planes of weakness in the crystal structure Visible light spectrum radiation reflected from a mineral Geometric shape of a crystal or mineral Breakage of a mineral, not along planes of weakness in the crystal structure Resistance to scratching or abrasion Character of the light reflected by a mineral Electromagnetic force generated by an object or electrical field Chemical interaction of hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) Testing Method Examine the mineral for areas where the mineral is broken Look for areas where the light reflects from planar surfaces This can be easily confused with a crystal face and is the most difficult properties for students to master Look at the sample and determine its color: white, black, green, clear, etc Examine and describe the geometric shape of the mineral-cubic, hexagonal, etc Not commonly seen in most introductory lab samples Examine the mineral for areas where the mineral is broken. Describe the breakage as either irregular or conchoidal (has the appearance of broken glass) Use minerals of known hardness from the Mobs Hardness Kits Scratch the unknown mineral with a known hardness to determine which mineral is harder Continue doing this with harder or softer minerals from the kit until the hardness is determined Look at the sample to determine if the mineral is metalic in appearance (looks like a chunk of metal) or non-metallic (doesn't look like a chunk of metal) Use a magnet to determine if the magnet is attracted to the sample Place one small drop of HCI on a sample a watch for a reaction effervesces (bubbles) Click here to see an short animation (351 Kb) Ratio of the mass of a mineral to the mass Generally not determined in an introductory lab Look this information up in your lab manual once the mineral has been of an equal volume of water identified Color of the mineral when it is powdered Nerve ending reaction in the longue to different chemicals Grind a small amount of a mineral into a powder on a porcelain streak plate and determine the color of the powder. Lick the mineral (not recommended in an introductory lab you don't know who has handled or licked the sample before you) Other Fluorescence, Radioactivity Properties Definitions simplified or modified from Bates, RL and JA Jackson (eds) 1987, Glossary of Geology American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA, 788 p Requires special equipment such as a UV lamp and geiger counter. These are not commonly tested for in an introductory lab Below is a table listing some of the aspects of the common lab minerals. This table is not a complete listing of all of the physical properties for each mineral. It is designed to highlight those physical properties that are unique to that mineral or assist in identification of that mineral Be aware that not all mineral samples will necessarily show these physical properties. For example, all plagioclase has cleavage The sample you examine may or may not show that cleavage. All minerals have a crystal form However, rarely do introductory mineral samples show a good crystal form. Some types of minerals rarely show a crystal form and even museum collections may not contain good examples of a mineral's crystal form
Apatite Augito Biotite UNS may not contain good examples of a mineral's crystal form Mineral Identification - Diagnostic Physical Properties Green color, H5, may show hexagonal crystal form Dark or dull green color, 2 cleavages at-90 degrees, similar properties to Homblende Black color one perfect direction of cleavage resulting in the mineral pealing into thin, flexible sheets, similar properties to Muscovite ystal form some types of minerals Calcite H-3 reacts with HCI, 3 directions of cleavage (hombic cleavage) Corundum H-5, often shows hexagonal crystal form Dolomite Reacts to HCL in its powdered form, similar properties to calcite Fluorite H4,4 directions of cleavage, often purple in color (can be white, clear, yellow, green) Galena Gray, metalic mineral, 3 directions of cleavage (cubic) Gamet Typically reddish brown color, no cleavage commonly found in twelve-sided crystals (dodecahedroms) Graphite Pencil lead, soft metallic mineral, gray streak Gypsum H-2, can be scratched with a fingernail Halte "Sall", H-26, cannot be scratched with a fingemal 3 directions of cleavage (cubic) sally taste Hematite Reddish brown streak ust Hornblende Black to dk green color 2 directions of cleavage at 120 or 60 degrees similar properties to Auge Magnetite Magnetic, metallic mineral Muscovite Clear or translucent color one perfect direction of cleavage resulting in the mineral pealing into thin, flexible sheets, simlar properties to Botte Olivine Apple green or yellowish green calor, H-7 (often difficult to determine), conchoidal fracture, no cleavage Orthoclase H, salmon pink color is typical perthitic intergrowths are common, 2 directions of cleavage at 90 degrees similar properties to plagioclase Plagioclase H-6, white or gray color, striations may be seen on cleavage surface, 2 directions of cleavage at 90 degrees, similar properties to orthoclase Pyrite Fool's Gold, gold metallic color Quartz H-7, conchoidal fracture, no cleavage, color is typically white or clear but can be pink, red, purple black Sulfur Yellow color rotten egg" smell it burned Talc H-1, very soft, easily scratched by fingemal
3. Use the accompanying chart to enter the properties of the numbered mineral specimens and determine their names. (8) Bin Fracture/ Hardness Luster Streak Other number Cleavage colour Properties 2 S Name