Instructions You will be instructed to complete a simple demonstration – follow the procedure below and answer the quest

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InstructionsYou will be instructed to complete a simple demonstration – followthe procedure below andanswer the questions in the lab. It is suggested you print thissheet and respond to thequestions here. Please upload a SINGLE file to the course site withyour answers. You shouldonly submit pages 4-6 of this document.Objectives6.1 Identify, describe and state function for each of the followingstructures of the respiratorysystem: nasal cavities, sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi,lungs, pleural membranes,pulmonary blood vessels, and diaphragm.6.6 Explain how the blood transports oxygen and carbondioxide6.8 Describe the major functions of the respiratory system andexplain how the respiratorysystem relates to other body systems to maintain homeostasis.Materials Drinking Straws (3 total) Small Balloon Tap WaterPROCEDUREPart 1Take a moment to review the partial schematic of the respiratorysystem below. Identify thefollowing: the larynx, the trachea, main bronchi, secondarybronchi, tertiary bronchi.Today we will be conducting a few exercisesthat will allow us to explore the importanceand the function of the Respiratory system.
2 BIOL-216All of the structures that you were asked to identify above serve afunction – to deliver air tothe respiratory membrane. Air is conducted to the respiratorymembrane, but no gas exchangeoccurs here.
3 BIOL-216Part 2** Note – if you have been diagnosed with a respiratory illness, orif at any time in the followingdemonstration you feel uncomfortable, stop thedemonstration.**Place your three straws into your mouth, and breath slowly andsteadily through the straws.Breath using all three straws for about 30 thirty seconds, thenremove one straw. Note anynew changes that you notice in your breathing. Breath using twostraws for about 30 seconds,then remove one straw. Again, note any new changes that you noticein your breathing. Ifable, breath using one straw for about 30 seconds (or until youbecome uncomfortable).This demonstration is often used to simulate the sensation of anasthma attack. In asthma, acombination of mucosal irritation and smooth muscle spasms restrictthe lumen of conductingstructures of the respiratory system. Asthma, is therefore,considered to be a pathologyaffecting conduction within the respiratory system.Part 3For the next demonstration, take out your balloon. Blow yourballoon up (but do not tie it!).Release the air from your balloon, and note the effort required toblow up your balloon. Now,place a few drops of tap water into your balloon and rub the sidesof the balloon together sothere is no air in the balloon. Now, attempt to blow up yourballoon again.This demonstration illustrates the strength of surface tension ofliquids. In the alveoli of thelungs there are cells that produce surfactant, which acts todecrease surface tension of liquidwithin the alveoli. This makes it easier to inflate the alveoli toallow air to reach the respiratorymembrane. Premature newborns may not produce enough surfactant andmay needadministration of synthetic surfactant. If alveoli collapse due topathology or injury, acuterespiratory distress syndrome is the result.
4 BIOL-216Lab QuestionsSubmit only the questions pages (pages 4-6).Part 1 Questions(4 pts) Identify two other systems that are closely related to therespiratory system. You shoulddescribe the anatomical relationship, as well as the functionalrelationship between your twochosen systems and the respiratory system.(2pts) Explain (in your own words) how gas exchange occurs in bothinternal and externalrespiration.(2pts) Identify the primary differences in the way that oxygen andcarbon dioxide aretransported within the blood