Certified Internal Auditor Questions + Answers Part 5

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QUESTION 67
Due to urgent requests from management, a busy internal audit activity finds that it can no longer meet all of its commitments contained in the annual audit plan. The best course of action for the chief audit executive to take would be to:
A. Continuewiththeplanandseekopportunitiestoadjustprioritiesandreallocateresources.
B. Adviseseniormanagementandrequestthattheyreconsidertheseadditionalrequestsusingmorerigorousriskassessmentandprioritizationfactors. C. Advise the board and senior management and request a reassessment of the plan.
D. Advise the board immediately and seek their support for additional resources to meet the needs of the plan.
Correct Answer: C Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference:


QUESTION 68
The chairperson of an organization's audit committee has obtained a risk management report that identifies significant industry concerns that impact the organization. The chairperson has asked the chief audit executive (CAE) to review these concerns and advise if they are relevant to the organization. How should the CAE respond?
A. Accepttheengagementbutcommunicateonlywiththeauditcommitteetoprotecttheconfidentialityoftherequest. B. Declinetheengagementbecauseitisoutsideofthescopeoftheinternalauditcharter.
C. Decline the engagement because it impairs the internal audit activity's independence.
D. Accept the engagement but inform senior management of the request.
Correct Answer: D Section: Volume B Explanation
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QUESTION 69
During an audit engagement, an internal auditor finds that management is not complying with previous commitments made to the external auditors. However, the auditor determines management's actions to be justified due to significant changes in the business. The best course of action for the auditor to take would be to:
A. Proceedwiththeauditengagementandassessthechangesactuallyimplementedbymanagement.
B. Informtheexternalauditorsandseektheirguidance.
C. Inform the external auditors and remove the associated work from the internal audit scope.
D. Compare the recommended changes against the changes made by management and advise management which action to take.
Correct Answer: A Section: Volume B Explanation



Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 70
Which of the following statements is correct regarding risk analysis?
A. Theextenttowhichmanagementjudgmentsarerequiredinanareacouldserveasariskfactorinassistingtheauditorinmakingacomparativeriskanalysis. B. Thehighestriskassessmentshouldalwaysbeassignedtotheareawiththelargestpotentialloss.
C. The highest risk assessment should always be assigned to the area with the highest probability of occurrence.
D. Risk analysis must be reduced to quantitative terms in order to provide meaningful comparisons across an organization.
Correct Answer: A Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 71
During an audit of financial contracts, an auditor learns that a relative has a substantial loan with the organization. The auditor should:
A. Excludetherelative'sinformationfromtheauditedworkandproceedwiththeauditengagement.
B. Proceedwiththeauditengagementbutdiscloseintheengagementfinalcommunicationthattherelativeisacustomer.
C. Immediately withdraw from the audit engagement.
D. Notify management and the chief audit executive (CAE) and have the CAE determine whether the auditor should continue with the audit engagement.
Correct Answer: D Section: Volume B Explanation
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QUESTION 72
The audit process used by the internal audit activity of a large wholesale clothing company does not include an engagement letter or project approval document. The most serious consequence of this deficiency in the process is that the:
A. Auditschedulemaynotbeoptimalfromtheengagementclient'sperspective.
B. Auditobjectivesmaynotbeunderstoodbymanagementoftheareabeingaudited.


C. Auditresourcesmaynotbesufficient. D. Auditplanprioritymayhavechanged.
Correct Answer: B Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 73
Which of the following situations allows for the most objectivity on the part of an internal auditor?
A. Assessingtestingproceduresinanewcomputersystem.
B. Performingariskassessmentofanewfinancialinstrument. C. Drawing conclusions from a sample of financial transactions. D. Comparing current environmental activities against legislation.
Correct Answer: D Section: Volume B Explanation
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QUESTION 74
A chief audit executive (CAE) for a specialty retailer is asked by management to review the controls in place to manage their electronic funds transfer process. The internal audit activity has no experience with similar engagements. What is the most appropriate course of action for the CAE to take?
A. Plantheengagementandbeginfieldworkusingexistingstaff. B. Attempttodiscouragemanagementfromtherequest.
C. Hire an outside consulting firm to assist with the engagement. D. Defer the audit until current staff can be appropriately trained.
Correct Answer: C Section: Volume B Explanation
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QUESTION 75
Using the internal audit department to coordinate regulatory examiners' efforts is beneficial to the organization because internal auditors can:
A. Influenceregulatoryinterpretationoflawtobettermatchcorporatepractice.
B. Recommendchangestothescopeoftheregulatoryexaminers'review.
C. Perform fieldwork for the regulatory examiners and thus shorten the regulatory examiners' review. D. Supply evidence of adequate compliance testing through internal audit workpapers and reports.
Correct Answer: D Section: Volume B Explanation
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QUESTION 76
In the annual audit of the financial statements of a company with high inherent risk and a very strong control system, the external auditor may be able to allow detection risk to rise because.
A. Auditriskhasbeenreduced.
B. Controlriskhasbeenassessedatalowerlevel.
C. The company's operations are very susceptible to misstatements. D. Whenever inherent risk is high, control risk is disregarded.
Correct Answer: B Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 77
An organization receives the most value from an internal audit activity's enterprise-wide risk assessment when the auditor:
A. Focusesprimarilyonenterprise-levelrisks.
B. Considersactivitiesatalllevelsoftheorganization. C. Reviews special projects and new initiatives.


D. Validates supporting financial and operational data.
Correct Answer: B Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference:
QUESTION 78
An organization's external auditor has prepared a list of risks and issues and has recommended to senior management that the internal audit activity focus on these items. Senior management has forwarded the list to the chief audit executive (CAE). The CAE should:
A. Incorporatetheexternalauditor'srequirementsintotheinternalauditplan.
B. Ignoretheexternalauditor'srequirementsbecausetheyareoutsideoftheinternalauditactivity'splannedscopeofwork. C. Consider the issues raised by the external auditor for possible inclusion in the planned scope of work.
D. Report the risks and issues to the audit committee for possible future attention.
Correct Answer: C Section: Volume B Explanation
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QUESTION 79
The audit committee has asked the chief audit executive (CAE) to assist in the selection of a new external audit firm. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the CAE?
A. TheCAEandtwomanagersfromtheauditstaffreviewthebidsandselectonefirmtomeetwiththeauditcommitteeforthecommittee'sapproval.
B. TheCAEdevelopsaformalsetofcriteriafortheauditcommitteetouseinselectingtheexternalauditor.
C. The CAE, chief financial officer, and controller review the bids, interview two firms, and recommend one of the two firms to the audit committee for its approval. D. The CAE declines to participate in the process because providing this assistance would result in compromising the internal audit activity's objectivity.
Correct Answer: B Section: Volume B Explanation
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QUESTION 80
An internal audit activity's work schedule should always provide sufficient information to the audit committee to enable it to determine whether the proposed engagements:
A. Supporttheorganization'sobjectives.
B. Includesufficientfraudawareness.
C. Will likely result in the detection of any major risk exposures. D. Arelikelytodetectcontroldeficiencies.
Correct Answer: A Section: Volume B Explanation
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QUESTION 81
The chief audit executive for an organization has just completed a risk assessment process, identified the areas with the highest risk, and assigned an audit priority to each. Which of the following statements is true and consistent with the International Professional Practices Framework?
I. Items should be ranked in the order of quantifiable dollar exposure to the organization.
II. The audit priorities should be in order of major control deficiencies.
III. The risk assessment, though quantified, is the result of professional judgments about both exposures and probability of occurrences.
A. Ionly
B. IIIonly
C. II and III only D. I, II, and III.
Correct Answer: B Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 82
What role, if any, should the internal audit activity have in the process of following up on observations and recommendations made by the external auditors?

A. Theinternalauditactivityshouldhavenoroleinthisprocessinordertoensureindependence.
B. Theinternalauditactivityshouldbecomeinvolvedonlyifthechiefauditexecutivehassufficientevidencethatthefollow-upisnotoccurring. C. The internal audit activity should review the adequacy and effectiveness of management's follow-up actions.
D. The internal audit activity should become involved only if specifically requested by management or the board of directors.
Correct Answer: C Section: Volume B Explanation
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QUESTION 83
A company has entered into a $20, 000, 000 fixed-price contract with a general contractor for the construction of a new retail outlet. For this contract, which of the following would represent the greatest risk?
A. Excessivelaborchargedtotheproject.
B. Poorphysicalprotectionofmaterialsandequipment. C. Failure to complete the project within budget.
D. Substitution of inferior materials.
Correct Answer: D Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 84
In selecting an instructional strategy for developing internal audit staff, a chief audit executive should first review the:
A. Department'sbudgetconstraints.
B. Internalauditors'personaldevelopmentneeds. C. Content of potential training courses.
D. Organization's objectives.
Correct Answer: D


Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 85
Which of the following is not an appropriate role of the internal audit activity in governance activities?
A. Supporttheboardinenterprise-wideriskassessment.
B. Ensurethetimelyimplementationofauditrecommendations. C. Monitor compliance with the organization's ethics policies.
D. Discuss areas of significant risk.
Correct Answer: B Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 86
When developing the annual audit plan and reviewing risk assessment priorities, a chief audit executive should always identify the:
A. Potentialrecommendationsforeachauditableactivity.
B. Personstowhomengagementreportswillbecommunicated. C. Engagement procedures to be used during the engagements. D. Internal audit resources required to achieve the audit plan.
Correct Answer: D Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 87
Which of the following actions by a chief audit executive would be most effective in preventing fraud?


A. Ensurethattheboardisawareofallfraudthathasbeenidentifiedorreported. B. Traintheinternalauditstaffinidentifyingfraudindicators.
C. Review the adequacy of all policies that describe prohibited activities.
D. Submit an annual report to the board on all fraud that has been detected.
Correct Answer: C Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 88
A chief audit executive would most likely use risk assessment for audit planning because it provides:
A. Asystematicprocessforassessingandintegratingprofessionaljudgmentaboutprobableadverseconditions. B. Alistingofpotentiallyadverseeffectsontheorganization.
C. A list of auditable activities in the organization.
D. The probability that an event or action may adversely affect the organization.
Correct Answer: A Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 89
Which of the following statements regarding organizational governance is not correct?
A. Aneffectiveinternalauditfunctionisoneofthefourcornerstonesofgoodgovernance. B. Thoseperforminggovernanceactivitiesareaccountabletothecustomer.



C. Accountabilityisoneofthekeyelementsoforganizationalgovernance.
D. Governance principles and the need for an internal audit function are applicable to governmental and not-for-profit activities.
Correct Answer: B Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 90
Noncompliance with which of the following would cause a control deficiency related to privacy protection practices?
I. An organization's internal privacy policies. II. Financial accounting standards.
III. Privacy laws and regulations.
IV. The Standards.
A. IandIIIonly
B. IIandIVonly
C. II, III, and IV only D. I, II, III, and IV.
Correct Answer: A Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 91
A tax consultancy agency retains sensitive personal information regarding its clients. Which of the following is a violation of acceptable privacy practices?
A. Copiesofprintedclientinformationnotusedbytheagencyareshredded.
B. Employeesshareclientinformationwithcoworkerswiththepermissionoftheclient.
C. The agency only releases client information with management's approval.
D. The agency advises clients of their privacy rights before they commence business with the agency.
Correct Answer: C


Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 92
When an external auditor unknowingly fails to modify an opinion on financial statements that are materially misstated, this is an example of:
A. Aninherentrisk. B. Acontrolrisk. C. An audit risk.
D. A residual risk.
Correct Answer: C Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 93
When a risk assessment process has been used to construct an audit engagement schedule, which of the following should receive attention first?
A. Theexternalauditorshaverequestedassistancefortheirupcomingannualaudit.
B. Anewaccountspayablesystemiscurrentlyundergoingtestingbytheinformationtechnologydepartment. C. Management has requested an investigation of possible lapping in receivables.
D. The existing accounts payable system has not been audited over the past year.
Correct Answer: C Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 94
All of the following would normally be involved in preparing for and carrying out the internal audit activity's annual plan except:


A. Establishingpoliciesandproceduresforworkpapersandreferencing.
B. Providingperiodicactivityreportstotheauditcommitteeonauditengagementsinprogress.
C. Assessing the amount of risk in major departments.
D. Training audit staff on appropriate audit methodologies for addressing any newly identified risks.
Correct Answer: A Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference:
QUESTION 95
When reviewing operational risk for a department whose manager adopts a laissez-faire style of leadership, it is most important for the internal auditor to verify that:
A. Employeedecisionsfollowdepartmentandcompanyguidelines.
B. Themanagerconsidersemployees'inputwhendesigningnewprocedures. C. Employees are empowered to deal with unusual or emergency situations.
D. Management has adopted an open-door policy to assist with communication.
Correct Answer: A Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 96
Which of the following factors related to an organization's performance management system would not contribute to the organization's success?
A. Performancemanagementislinkedtocompetenceandknowledgemanagement.
B. Subordinatesandsuperiorshavesharedresponsibilityfortheperformancemanagementprocess.
C. Staff members own the performance management process, thereby ensuring implementation and accountability. D. Performance management is integrated into other organizational processes and human resource processes.
Correct Answer: C Section: Volume B


Explanation Explanation/Reference:
QUESTION 97
A chief audit executive used risk assessment to prepare the audit work schedule. Which of the following would be the least appropriate reason to modify the schedule?
A. Needforcoordinationofauditactivitieswiththeexternalauditors.
B. Requestforpostponementsincetheauditwouldbetoocomplicated. C. Change in the relative risk of auditable activities during the year.
D. Budget constraints or expansions.
Correct Answer: B Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 98
Which of the following would be the most effective action for an internal audit activity to take in order to assist in improving an organization's ethical climate?
I. Review formal and informal processes within the organization that could promote unethical behavior. II. Conduct surveys of employees, suppliers, and customers regarding ethics.
III. Assess the employees' knowledge of and compliance with the organization's code of conduct.
A. Ionly
B. IandIIonly C. II and III only D. I, II, and III.
Correct Answer: D Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference:


QUESTION 99
Which of the following would provide the best assessment of an organization's ethical climate?
A. Numberofyearsthatdirectorshavebeenappointedtotheboard.
B. Evidenceoftrainingprovidedtotheboardofdirectorsonethicalissues.
C. Clarity and consistency of consequences imposed by the board of directors for ethical violations. D. Frequency of fraud reported and results of subsequent investigations.
Correct Answer: C Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 100
When performing benchmarking during the planning phase of a performance audit, an internal auditor should:
A. Determinethecurrentperformancegap. B. Projectfutureperformancelevels.
C. Develop functional action plans.
D. Identifycomparativeorganizations.
Correct Answer: D Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference:
QUESTION 101
A major difference between enterprise risk management and traditional risk management lies in the narrow focus of traditional risk management on: I. Property and liability risks.
II. Risks with insurance solutions.
III. Risks impacting organizational objectives.
A. IandIIonly B. IandIIIonly C. II and III only


D. I, II, and III.
Correct Answer: A Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference:
QUESTION 102
An internal audit activity encounters a scope limitation from senior management that will affect its ability to meet its goals and objectives for a potential engagement client. The nature of the scope limitation should be.
A. Notedintheauditworkpapers,buttheengagementshouldbecarriedoutasscheduled,withanynecessaryadjustmentsmadebasedonthescopelimitation. B. Communicatedtotheexternalauditorssothattheycaninvestigatetheareainmoredetail.
C. Communicated, preferably in writing, to the board.
D. Communicated to management, stating that the limitation will not be accepted because it would impair the audit activity's independence.
Correct Answer: C Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference:
QUESTION 103
Which statement most accurately describes how criteria are established for use by internal auditors in determining whether goals and objectives have been accomplished?
A. Managementisresponsibleforestablishingthecriteria.
B. Internalauditorsshoulduseprofessionalstandardsorgovernmentregulationstoestablishthecriteria.
C. The industry in which a company operates establishes criteria for each member company through benchmarks and best practices for that industry. D. Appropriate accounting or auditing standards, including international standards, should be used as the criteria.
Correct Answer: A Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference:


QUESTION 104
A company has established its environmental audit activity as part of its legal department rather than part of its internal audit activity, which reports to the audit committee. The board has requested that the chief audit executive (CAE) provide an annual opinion on whether environmental risks are being properly addressed. In these circumstances, the CAE should recommend to the audit committee that the internal audit activity:
A. Reviewtherecommendationsinallenvironmentalauditreports.
B. Discusswiththeenvironmentalauditorstheresultsoftheirreviews.
C. Periodically carry out a quality assessment of the environmental audit activity. D. Include a review of environmental issues in some internal audit engagements.
Correct Answer: C Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 105
In addition to data protection, which of the following is a control that is typically used by companies to safeguard the privacy rights of their customers?
I. End-user computing. II. Encryption of data. III. Spyware.
IV. Intrusion detection.
A. IIonly
B. IandIIIonly
C. II and IV only D. I, II, and IV only
Correct Answer: C Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 106


According to the International Professional Practices Framework, a primary purpose of evaluating the adequacy of an organization's risk management, control, and governance processes is to determine if it:
A. Wasdesignedtoensurecompliancewithpolicies,plans,procedures,laws,andregulations. B. Providesreasonableassurancethattheorganization'sobjectiveswillbemet.
C. Mitigates inherent risk.
D. Assuresthereliabilityandintegrityofinformationusedbymanagement.
Correct Answer: B Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 107
Which of the following statements, if true, could justify an auditor's decision not to report governance-related control deficiencies to the audit committee?
A. Managementplanstoinitiatecorrectiveaction.
B. Theboardofdirectorshasaseparatecorporategovernancecommittee.
C. The amounts and the potential risks associated with the deficiencies are not material to the overall organization.
D. Governance issues are complex and the auditor should rely on management's analysis of the extent of the problem.
Correct Answer: C Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 108
The primary role of the internal audit activity in regard to an organization's ethical climate is to:
A. Participateaschiefethicsofficer.
B. Periodicallyassesstheethicalclimate.
C. Utilize surveys to evaluate employee ethics. D. Demonstrate ethical behavior.
Correct Answer: B


Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference:
QUESTION 109
A chief audit executive (CAE) is obtaining information required by a regulatory oversight body and discovers a situation that requires management to take immediate corrective action. What is the best course of action for the CAE to take?
A. Waituntilalloftheinformationhasbeengatheredandreportedtotheoversightbodybeforereportingthesituationtomanagement.
B. Checkwithlegalcounseltodeterminewhetherthesituationcanbereportedtomanagementbeforeallinformationhasbeensubmittedtotheoversightbody. C. Report the situation to management immediately.
D. Schedule an engagement to explore the situation in depth, before reporting to either management or the oversight body.
Correct Answer: C Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 110
Which of the following is the most important limitation on the effectiveness of audit committees?
A. Auditcommitteesmaybecomposedofindependentdirectors;however,thosedirectorsmayhaveclosepersonalandprofessionalfriendshipswith management.
B. Auditcommitteemembersarecompensatedbytheorganizationandthusfavorastockholderview.
C. Audit committees devote most of their efforts to external audit concerns and do not pay much attention to internal auditing and the overall control environment.
D. Auditcommitteemembersdonotnormallyhavedegreesintheaccountingorauditingfields.
Correct Answer: A Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 111


Which of the following is a key performance indicator for an internal audit function?
A. Auditexpenditurescomparedtofinancialbudgets.
B. Percentofrequiredcontinuingeducationhourscompleted. C. Implementation of new audit computer software.
D. Frequency of meetings with the board members.
Correct Answer: B Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 112
In order to effectively handle conflict between audit team members, an audit team leader should:
A. Avoidaddressingtheconflictuntiltheleaderissurethatthereisaproblem. B. Beassertiveandkeeptheteammembersfocusedonaresolution.
C. Ask one of the team members to resolve the issue by being more conciliatory. D. Transfer one of the team members to another assignment.
Correct Answer: B Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 113
In a well-developed management environment, the internal audit activity would.



A. Reporttheresultsofauditengagementstolinemanagementaswellastoseniormanagement.
B. Conductregularlyscheduledauditsofexistingsystemsandinitialauditsofnewcomputersystemsaftertheyhavebegunoperating.
C. Interface primarily with senior management, minimizing interactions with line managers who are the subjects of internal audit work.
D. Focus on the maintenance of accounting controls (such as segregation of the duties of authorization, recording, and custody) and report results to the audit committee.
Correct Answer: A Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 114
Which of the following processes should be included in a benchmarking activity?
I. Identify key measures.
II. Collect data on performances and practices. III. Identify opportunities for improvement.
A. IIonly
B. IandIIIonly C. II and III only D. I, II, and III.
Correct Answer: D Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference:
QUESTION 115
The chief audit executive (CAE) routinely provides activity reports to the board during quarterly board meetings. Senior management has asked to review the CAE's board presentation before each board meeting so that any issues or questions can be discussed beforehand. The CAE should:
A. Providetheactivityreportstoseniormanagementasrequestedanddiscussanyissuesthatmayrequireactiontobetaken.
B. Notprovideactivityreportstoseniormanagementbecausesuchmattersarethesoleprovinceoftheboard.
C. Disclose only those matters in the activity reports that pertain to expenditures and financial budgets of the internal audit activity.


D. Provide information to senior management that pertains only to completed audit engagements and observations available in published engagement final communications.
Correct Answer: A Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 116
Management should be included in the development of the audit plan in order to:
A. Provideassurancethatpastauditrecommendationshavebeenproperlyimplemented. B. Selecttheauditteststhatwillbeusedforeachengagement.
C. Verify that the highest risks are included in the risk-based audit plan.
D. Guarantee access to the organization's sites and records for audit work.
Correct Answer: C Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 117
The primary reason that a chief audit executive (CAE) reviews external audit management letters and management response is to:
A. Selectareastoemphasizeinfutureinternalauditengagements. B. Checktheeffectivenessofexternalauditresourcesused.
C. Ensure that comments in the letter are supported by evidence. D. Verify that there has been no duplication of internal audit work.
Correct Answer: A Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference:


QUESTION 118
Which of the following statements is correct regarding corporate compensation systems and related bonuses?
I. A bonus system should be considered part of the control environment of an organization and should be considered in formulating a report on internal control. II. Compensation systems are not part of an organization's control system and should not be reported as such.
III. An audit of an organization's compensation system should be performed independently of an audit of the control system over other functions that impact corporate bonuses.
A. Ionly
B. IIonly
C. III only
D. II and III only
Correct Answer: A Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: QUESTION 119
Which of the following elements should an auditor recommend for inclusion in an organization's code of ethics?
I. Ethics should vary with local customs in the organization's foreign operations.
II. Whistle-blowing should be discouraged because it can cause distrust among employees and false accusations which waste organizational resources on investigations.
III. Ethical behavior should not be incorporated into performance evaluations because it is too subjective and controversial.
A. Ionly
B. IIonly
C. I, II, and III.
D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: D Section: Volume B Explanation
Explanation/Reference: