(a) What is the difference between configuration and conformation in relation to polymer chain? Amorphous polyvinyl chlo

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(a) What is the difference between configuration and
conformation in relation to polymer chain? Amorphous polyvinyl
chloride, -[CH2CHCl]-, is expected to have a density of 1.38 g cm-3
. Calculate the percentage of crystallization in PVC that has a
density of 1.45 g cm-3 . Assume that the completely crystalline PVC
has four repeating units per unit cell. The lattice parameters for
orthorhombic PVC are ao= 1.040 nm, bo = 0.530 nm and co = 0.510 nm.
(12 marks) (b) Briefly discuss the anodic and cathodic protection
in protection of steel from corrosion? Several types of metallic
coatings are used to protect steel, including zinc, tin, and
aluminium. Which of these coatings will provide protection even
when the coating is locally disrupted? Explain. (8 marks)