At Mercury’s equator, it is really hot at noon, over 400ºC, and
really cold at midnight,
below –170ºC. If you were an astronaut on the surface of Mercury at
the equator, the only way to
have a comfortable temperature would be at the terminator, where
sunset and sunrise occur.
How fast would you need to drive your rover to keep the
temperature comfortable?
For the sake of simplicity, assume that Mercury’s orbit is
circular. The information you need is
Mercury’s mean radius, 2440 km
Mercury’s orbital period, 87.97 Earth days
Mercury’s rotation rate. Mercury rotates 3 times for each 2 orbits
around the Sun, so if you are
on the surface of Mercury, you experience one day every two Mercury
years. That may seem
perplexing but you can work it out for yourself.
At Mercury’s equator, it is really hot at noon, over 400ºC, and really cold at midnight, below –170ºC. If you were an as
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