a Problem 3. (total: 20 points) Mean energy of quantum harmonic oscillators. Let's consider a set of N quantum harmonic
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a Problem 3. (total: 20 points) Mean energy of quantum harmonic oscillators. Let's consider a set of N quantum harmonic
a Problem 3. (total: 20 points) Mean energy of quantum harmonic oscillators. Let's consider a set of N quantum harmonic oscillators of frequency w. The quantum states of a harmonic oscillator have the energy Es = sħw, where the quantum number s is a positive integer or zero. (a) (5 points) Please explain that the number of ways (or combination) to have the total excitation > energy ε = nħw is (n + N – 1)! 12 (2) n! (N − 1)! (b) (10 points) What is the entropy as a function of n? Please use the approximation In N!~ N in N – N. (c) (5 points) What is the mean energy as a function of temperature T when N » 1?
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