Statistical inference: we have a variable measured in a population. There is an unknown feature (for example a parameter

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Statistical inference: we have a variable measured in a population. There is an unknown feature (for example a parameter) related to the variable. The main aims of statistical inference are estimating the unknown features and testing hypothesis about them.
► Example: We aim to characterize the time from infection to recovery of patients. What is the population? What is the random variable? What type of distribution could be adequate for that variable? Do we know everything about that variable?
What are the differences between descriptive
and inferential statistics? ► What is an estimator of a parameter? and a
maximum likelihood estimator? ► What is the aim of statistical tests? What
statistical tests do you know?
► What is a p-value? What is the decision rule associated to a p-value?