CASE STUDY A Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia P.M., aged 4 years, has returned to the family physician because of a recurrent

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Case Study A Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia P M Aged 4 Years Has Returned To The Family Physician Because Of A Recurrent 1 (1.25 MiB) Viewed 77 times

CASE STUDY A Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia P.M., aged 4 years, has returned to the family physician because of a recurrent sore throat and cough. Her mother mentions unusual listlessness and anorexia. The physician notices several bruises on her legs and arms and one on her back. The physician orders blood tests and a course of antibacterial drugs. Test results indicate a low hemoglobin level, thrombocytopenia, and a high lymphocyte count, with abnormally high numbers of blast cells. Following a bone marrow aspiration, a diagnosis of ALL is confirmed. 1. Describe the pathophysiology of ALL. 2. State the rationale for each of P.M.'s signs. 3. Explain the significance of blast cells in the peripheral blood. 4. Describe the effects of hypermetabolism in leukemia. 5. Explain how chemotherapy aggravates the effects of leukemia (refer to Chapter 20). 6. Describe the possible effects if leukemic cells infiltrate the brain. 7. Describe the pain associated with leukemia, and explain the reason for it.