1. Which of the following statements about proteins is incorrect? ① Because of the unique tertiary structure of the prot

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1. Which of the following statements about proteins is incorrect?
① Because of the unique tertiary structure of the protein, it can perform its own function.
② All proteins are made from only 20 kinds of amino acids.
③ In proteins, amino acids are linked to each other by peptide bonds.
④ Enzymes are specific types of proteins.
⑤ Proteins are made from nucleic acid monomers.
2. Which of the following definitions of nucleic acids is incorrect?
① A base is a part of DNA that differs between nucleotides.
② There are two types of nucleic acids: DNA and RNA.
③ Nucleic acids are linked like long strings to form nucleotides.
④ The amino acid sequence of a protein is determined by the DNA nucleotide sequence.
⑤ , DNA has a double helix structure.
3. Which of the following do DNA and RNA have in common?
① It is usually a double linear molecule.
② Adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine are used as bases.
③ The sugar moiety is deoxyribose.
④ It is a nucleotide polymer.
⑤ None of the above apply.
4. What are the main characteristics of all lipids?
① They are all composed of glycerol and fatty acids.
② All of them contain nitrogen.
③ None of them have high energy content.
④ All are acidic and mix well with water.
⑤ It does not mix well with water.
5. What determines the amino acid sequence of a particular protein?
① Primary structure of protein
② The nucleotide sequence of RNA determined by the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the protein
③ The nucleotide sequence of DNA determined by the nucleotide sequence of RNA
④ RNA nucleotide sequence that makes ribosomes
⑤ Tertiary structure of protein
6. Which of the following statements about eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells is not correct?
① Eukaryotic cells have organelles surrounded by membranes.
② The evolution of prokaryotic cells precedes the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
③ Eukaryotic cells are generally smaller than prokaryotic cells.
④ Eukaryotic cell activity is accomplished by dividing the inside of the cell into several compartments.
⑤ Most bacteria are surrounded by a rigid cell wall.
7. Which of the following statements about cell membranes is incorrect?
① Membrane molecules can easily move to the other side.
② Most membranes have carbohydrates embedded in the phospholipid bilayer.
③ Various proteins float like icebergs on phospholipids.
④ The structure of the plasma membrane is similar to that of the inner membrane of eukaryotes.
⑤ In the membrane, phospholipids form a double membrane.
8. Which of the following statements about the nucleus and ribosomes of eukaryotes is incorrect?
① Chromosomes are made up of long strands of DNA attached to specific proteins.
② Holes in the nuclear membrane can transport messenger RNA from the nucleus to the plasma.
③ Ribosomes are synthesized from phosphorus and completed in the protoplast.
④ DNA moves directly from the nucleus to the protoplasm to make proteins.
⑤ Ribosomes work by floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
9. Which of the following statements about the constituents of the inner membrane system is incorrect?
① Substances made from the endoplasmic reticulum are transformed in the Golgi complex.
② Lysosomes have several kinds of decomposition functions.
③ Lipids are generally made from rough endoplasmic reticulum.
④ The central vacuole contributes to plant growth and contains pigments and toxins.
⑤ Smooth endoplasmic reticulum helps in detoxification of toxins.
10. Which of the following items is incorrectly associated with the function?
① Peroxisomes – contain enzymes that break down hydrogen peroxide.
② Phosphorus – Synthesizes rRNA to make ribosome.
③ Golgi apparatus – alters, labels and transports intracellular products.
④ Lysosome – Food sac formed by phagocytosis
⑤ ECM (extracellular space) – supports and attaches cells, and transmits information to the inside of cells.