Patient History: A person has been referred to an oncologist with symptoms that suggest kidney cancer. They have a pain

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Patient History: A person has been referred to
an oncologist with symptoms that suggest kidney cancer. They have a
pain in their lower back on one side and have recently seen some
blood in their urine. Their GP also noticed that their blood
pressure was high, and they have lost weight since their last
visit. An ultrasound scan highlighted a mass on their kidney and
the oncologist requests a biopsy of the mass and draining lymph
nodes.
Diagnosis: The person is diagnosed with
metastatic renal cell carcinoma. The affected kidney is removed,
and they receive combined immune checkpoint blockade therapy, using
both nivolumab and ipilimumab.
Given this person’s symptoms and diagnosis, please answer the
following questions: