Part 2: Clinical Case Study - Diabetic ketoacidosis Read the case summary below and then answer the questions that follo

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Part 2: Clinical Case Study - Diabetic ketoacidosis Read the case summary below and then answer the questions that follow. Case: During your shift in the ER, a 21-year old noncompliant male with a history of type / (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus was found in a coma. Your triage assessment and the lab testing revealed the following: • Hyperglycemia: High blood glucose. • High urine glucose. • High urine ketones and serum ketones. • Low serum bicarbonate <12 mEq/L. • Exaggerated respiration. • Breath has acetone odor. Hypotensive: blood pressure was 90/60 mm Hg. • Tachycardia: Pulse weak and rapid (120 bpm). .
CO2 + H2O + H2CO3 + H+ + HCO3- Review this formula and discuss the mechanisms involved in the forward and reverse components of the reaction by answering the following: 1. When CO2 + H2O combine to form carbonic acid, discuss the respiratory mechanisms involved to regulate the levels of CO2 2. Explain why exaggerated respiration (increased ventilation) help to decrease the
Review this formula and discuss the mechanisms involved in the forward and reverse components of the reaction by answering the following: 1. When CO2 + H2O combine to form carbonic acid, discuss the respiratory mechanisms involved to regulate the levels of CO2 2. Explain why exaggerated respiration (increased ventilation) help to decrease the levels of H+ 3. When carbonic acid dissociates into free H+ + HCO3- what role do the levels of bicarbonate play in regulating H+ ion levels? 4. Discuss at least (2) of the renal mechanisms used to regulate HCO3 levels.