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4. Hydrocyanation involves the addition of HCN to an alkene to form a new C-C bond and introduce new functionality into the compound. A proposed mechanism for the hydrocyanation of ethene to form propionitrile is shown below. 1 R3P Ni- HCN Et-CN R3P 2 5 R3P Et PR3 4 Ni-PR3 T CN R3P Et QIII... E CN C A R3P!!!!.. R3P Ni-H R3P CN میاره Ni-H CN 3
d. Consider complex 1. i. Draw a molecular orbital (MO) energy level diagram to describe the interactions between the nickel and the alkene ligand. You must include sketches of the orbital overlaps for full marks. [4 marks] ii. Suggest a strategy to increase the strength of the interaction between the metal and alkene ligand. Briefly explain how and why this strategy affects metal-carbon and carbon-carbon bond strength and geometry. [4 marks]
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