- A Statement Of The Problem Design A Plant To Manufacture 100 Tonnes Day Of Acetaldehyde One Method Of Preparing Acet 1 (106.99 KiB) Viewed 18 times
(A) STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Design a Plant to manufacture 100 Tonnes / day of ACETALDEHYDE One method of preparing acetaldehyde is by the direct oxidation of ethylene. The process employs catalytic solution of copper chloride containing small quantities of palladium chloride. The reactions may be summarized as follows: C,H, +2CUCI, + H,0_Mais >CH CHO + 2HCl + 2CuCI 2CuCl + 2HCI+-0, →2CuCl, +H,0 2. In the reaction, PdCl2 is reduced to elemental palladium and HCl and is reoxidized by CuCl2 During catalyst regeneration the CuCl is reoxidized with oxygen. The reaction and regeneration steps can be conducted separately or together. In the process, 99.8 percent ethylene, 99.5 percent oxygen, and recycle gas are directed to a vertical reactor and are contacted with the catalyst solution under slight pressure. The water evaporated during the reaction absorbs the exothermic heat evolved, and make-up water is fed as necessary to maintain the catalytic solution concentration. The reacted gases are water-scrubbed and the resulting acetaldehyde solution is fed to a distillation column. The tail gas from the scrubber is recycled to the reactor. Inerts are eliminated from the recycle gas in a bleed stream which flows to an auxiliary reactor for additional ethylene conversion An analysis of the points to be considered at each step should be included. However because 99.5 percent oxygen is unavailable, it will be necessary to use 830 kPa air as one of the raw material. Prepare a design report consisting of the following: Full Marks 15 15 20 40 30 1. Literature Survey 2. Detailed flow sheet 3. Material and energy balance of the plant 4. Design including Mechanical details of Packed Bed Catalytic Reactor 5. Design including Mechanical details of fractionation column to separate acetaldehyde 6. Instrumentation and process control of the reactor 7. Plant layout 8. Safety and pollution abatement aspects 9. Cost estimation 10. Detailed engineering drawing of the reactor and separation column 15 10 10 15 30