3. (a) Explain, with the aid of diagrams, how the earth pressure on a vertical retaining wall is related to the movement

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3 A Explain With The Aid Of Diagrams How The Earth Pressure On A Vertical Retaining Wall Is Related To The Movement 1 (65 KiB) Viewed 13 times

3. (a) Explain, with the aid of diagrams, how the earth pressure on a vertical retaining wall is related to the movement of the wall relative to the retained soil, In your answer, you should distinguish between the at rest, active, and passive states. (15 marks) (b) It is proposed to support an excavation 3.0m deep in sand using a 7.0m long sheet pile retaining wall, as shown in Figure 3(b). The sand has effective stress shear strength parameters of '-30 and 0 kPa. The unit weight of the sand above the water table is 17 kN/m and the saturated unit weight is 20 kN/m". Take the unit weight of water as 10 kN/m The water table is at a depth of 4.0m bgi on the active side and 1.5m bgl on the passive side, as shown in Figure 03(b). Neglecting factors of safety and partial factors, and assuming Rankine's theory is appropriate, carry out an appropriate check and state if the design of the wall is satisfactory. Selle 30 Sand 30 Pa Y=17 20 W 15m WT Fig. 23 (b) Aldo Memoire: K -(1-sin{1-sin (75 marks) K = (1+sine 11-sin (c) Would you advise a contractor to construct this design as is? in your answer, consider a margin for uncertainty and suggest two ways that such a margin could be applied to the design (15 marks)