1 (a) Write brief notes on how gravity and embedded retaining walls work, commenting on the earth pressures acting on ea

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1 A Write Brief Notes On How Gravity And Embedded Retaining Walls Work Commenting On The Earth Pressures Acting On Ea 1 (53.63 KiB) Viewed 19 times

1 A Write Brief Notes On How Gravity And Embedded Retaining Walls Work Commenting On The Earth Pressures Acting On Ea 2 (53.63 KiB) Viewed 19 times

1 (a) Write brief notes on how gravity and embedded retaining walls work, commenting on the earth pressures acting on each and how each type of wall resists the disturbing/destabilising forces acting on it. (15 marks) (b) Calculate the total active thrust on a vertical wall 6m high retaining a sand of unit weight 18kN/m=32' and c'=0 kPa, the surface of the sand is horizontal and the water table is below the base of the wall. (10 marks) (c) Details of a cantilever retaining wall are shown in Figure 1(c), the water table being below the base of the wall. The unit weight of the backfill is 17 kN/m and a surcharge pressure of 10 kPa acts on the surface as shown. Characteristic values of the shear strength parameters for the backfill are c =0 and © =36*. The characteristic angle of friction between the base and the foundation soil 8=27* Assuming Rankine's theory is appropriate, and taking the unit weight of concrete to be 23.5 kN/m, carry out the following checks using the partial factors for Eurocode 7 Design Approach 1 Combination 2 and state if the design of the wall is satisfactory for each 0 Resistance to overturning. () Resistance to sliding on the base. 10 kPa 23 Backfill = 36 0 kPa Y = 17 kN/m2 8=27 5.4m 1.75m 0.3m 3.Om 0.4m (75 marks) Fig. Q1 (c) Alde Memoire: K = (1-sino (1+sin) K; = (1+sino (1-sino') Yo = 1.0. Yo = 1.3.4. = 1.25", y = 1.25, and You - 1.4 *applied to tano or tan 8