7. In the brown adipose tissue (BAT) in the newborns, transmembrane proton gradient is used not only to produce ATP, but

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7. In the brown adipose tissue (BAT) in the newborns,
transmembrane proton gradient is used not only to produce ATP, but
to keep the newborns warm. The mitochondria of BAT have a unique
protein in their inner membrane — thermogenin, also called the
uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Explain the role of UCP1 in
thermoregulation. For the answer: a) draw the scheme of the ETC and
explain how the electrochemical gradient is generated during the
electron transport; b) describe the mechanisms of uncoupling of
oxidative phosphorylation by UCP1; c) compare the changes in the
transmembrane proton gradient after the action of inhibitors of the
respiratory chain (including rotenone, antimycin A, cyanide, carbon
monoxide) and the uncoupling agents