The notion that money can’t buy happiness has, in recent years,
been backed up by a lot of psychological research. But
this confirmation of time-honored wisdom begs the question: Why in
the world not? The wealthy have access to an array of
pleasure-producing goods and experiences, so why are they no
happier than the rest of us?
A team of psychologists has come up with a plausible
answer, one that validates yet another piece of folk wisdom.
Affluent individuals, and less-wealthy people with money on their
minds, are less likely to slow down and savor the Snickers.
Writing in the journal Psychological Science, a
research team led by Jordi Quoidbach of the University of
Liege and Elizabeth Dunn of the University of British
Columbia report money “impairs people’s ability to savor everyday
positive emotions and experiences.” They conclude this negative
effect can “undercut other emotional benefits provided by
money.”
In other words, that rich guy undoubtedly gets a kick out of
driving his Porsche to the beach. But once he meets you there,
you’re more likely to get a genuine thrill out of the gorgeous
sunset.
Quoidbach and his colleagues reached this conclusion after
conducting two studies. In the first, 351 adult employees of
the University of Liege (ranging from custodial staff to
senior administrators) completed a survey in which they described
their wealth, happiness and the way they react to positive
experiences. At the outset of the experiment, half were exposed to
a photograph of a large stack of currency.
“We found that participants’ wealth significantly predicted
lower ability to savor positive emotions,” the researchers report.
So, too, did the pictorial reminder of the concept of wealth: Those
who were exposed to the image of money scored lower on the savoring
questions than those who did not.
The second experiment featured 40 volunteers, who ostensibly
participated in a taste-testing study featuring varieties of
chocolate. All began by filling out a survey; in the process of
doing so, half were exposed to a photograph of money.
As they consumed pieces of chocolate, the test subjects were
surreptitiously observed by two researchers who used stopwatches to
measure the time they spent savoring each treat. The researchers
also evaluated how much joy the participants showed on their faces
as they tasted the chocolate.
After controlling for gender (to no one’s surprise, the men ate
more quickly) and overall attitudes toward chocolate, the
researchers found those who had been exposed to the photo of cash
“spent significantly less time eating the chocolate, and displayed
significantly less enjoyment.”
“Taken together, our findings provide evidence for the
provocative and intuitively appealing — yet previously untested —
notion that having access to the best things in life may actually
undermine one’s ability to reap enjoyment from life’s small
pleasures,” the researchers write. Even a tantalizing hint of
access to expensive pleasures — provided to study participants in
the form of pictures of money — “may be sufficient to impair
everyday savoring,” they note.
The scholars’ conclusion: When it comes to happiness, money
gives with one hand — providing access to pleasurable experiences —
but “takes away with the other, by undercutting the ability to
relish the small delights of daily living.”
Write the last intorduction to the passage "MONEY MAKES YOU LESS
LIKELY TO SAVOR SMALL PLEASURES" and write an
introduction.
Make sure in your introduciton, you write a brief (but
accurate) summary and your thesis statement.
The notion that money can’t buy happiness has, in recent years, been backed up by a lot of psychological research. But t
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The notion that money can’t buy happiness has, in recent years, been backed up by a lot of psychological research. But t
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