Part 1: Explain how public / private key pairs can enable the secure exchange of data between computers without the need

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Part 1: Explain how public / private key pairs can enable the
secure exchange of data
between computers without the need for a shared secret. (10
marks)
Part 2: A well-known university is considering investing in an
online system that would allow
students to share their degree transcript with future employers.
The system will publish
encrypted details of each student’s transcript to a webpage unique
to that student. The
student will be given a public key by the University that will
unencrypt their transcript when
a user navigates to the webpage (they can share the key with
employers), while the
University will retain the private key in case the transcript needs
updating in the future (for
example if the student studies a further degree). Explain how, as
well as ensuring the
transcript data is protected from casual browsing, the University
could make use of public /
private key pairs to enable the ownership and validity of the
transcript data to be proved by
the end user. You may find it helpful to draw a diagram of the data
exchange to illustrate
your answer.