Title: Socio-economic status and the risk of developing hand, hip or knee osteoarthritis OBJECTIVE: To determine the ass

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Title: Socio-economic status and the risk
of developing hand, hip or knee osteoarthritis
OBJECTIVE:
To determine the association between socio-economic status (SES)
and risk of hand, hip or knee osteoarthritis at a population
level.
OUTCOMES:
The validated area-based SES deprivation index: MEDEA was
developed for each unique geographic areas based on census data
from 2009-2012 which incorporates proportion of unemployed,
temporary workers, manual workers, low educational attainment and
low educational attainment among youngsters. Prevalence of
hand, hip or knee osteoarthritis was estimated for each geographic
area from 2009-2012 using ICD-10 codes from in- and out-patient
health facilities in each area.
RESULTS:
Compared to the least deprived geographic areas, the most
deprived areas had a younger mean age (43.29 ± 17.59 years versus
46.83 ± 18.49 years), had fewer women (49.1% versus 54.8 %), a
higher percentage of obese adults (16.2 % versus 8.4 %), smokers
(16.9 % versus 11.9%) and high-risk alcohol consumers (1.5% versus
1.3 %). Compared to the least deprived geographic areas, the most
deprived areas had an excess prevalence of osteoarthritis:
age-sex-adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) for hand = 1.26 [95%
confidence interval (CI):1.11-1.42], PR for hip=1.23 (95%
CI:1.17-1.29), and PR for knee=1.51 (95% CI: 1.45-1.57) knee.
CONCLUSIONS:
Deprived areas have a higher prevalence of osteoarthritis of the
hand, hip, and knee compared to the least deprived areas. Public
health interventions to reduce disparities in health risk behaviors
including obesity, smoking and high-risk alcohol use in this
population could reduce health inequalities.
What design was used in this study to investigate the
association between socioeconomic status and osteoarthritis?
(Choose ONE best answer)
Group of answer choices
Cross-sectional
Case control
Ecological
Prospective cohort
Retrospective cohort