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Lab14: Bending Light Lab Date: Describe what happens to light when it shines on a medium. Explain light direction changes at the interface between two media and what determines the angle. Describe the effect of varying wavelength on the angle of refraction Explain why a prism creates a rainbow. Apply Snell's law to a laser beam incident on the interface between media. Required: https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/ben ... ht_en.html Everyday Physics in your life: I put a chopstick in a glass of water like in the picture on the right. What do you notice? Try this at home with some other things like a spoon or fork. Do you observe any different things? (If you don't have a clear glass, you can still see some interesting things. You might want to use a larger container like a bathroom sink). Develop your understanding: 1. Explore the Intro screen to find some things that happen when light ray's shine into water. Figure out how to test what happens when the light rays come from underwater. Compare your ideas about why things look different under water to how light rays appear to "bend.". - Name: OBJECTIVE PHET
Explain your understanding: 2. Experiment in the Intro screen using the tools to observe what happens to light when it shines on water. O Ray Ⓒ Wave Use both the Ray and Wave models for light. a. What changes if the light is underwater and the light goes into air? b. What changes if you shine light on glass? c. Test materials with other indexes of refraction to see if your ideas about the behavior of light seem comprehensive. d. Write a summary description of what happens to light when it goes from one medium to another. Use the following vocabulary words in your summary: index of refraction, incident angle, reflected angle, and refracted angle. 3. Use More Tools screen to observe variation in refraction as the wavelength (color) of incident light varies. a. The difference in refraction angles is small and difficult to detect in this simulation, so I have shown a possible experimental setup for you to try. How much does the angle of refraction change from 380mm to 700nm when the incident angle is 80? Run some of your own experiments to see if you can detect a difference in refracted angles at other incident angles. Why did I choose 80 degrees? Me I €5.00 Bending Light PHETE b. Use the Speed tool as you vary the wavelength to help understand why the angle of refraction varies. Describe the results of your experiments c. Does the color of the color of the light change during refraction or reflection? 100!
4. Explore the Prism: screen to see how your understanding of refraction applies when light travels through a medium like glass. Give specific examples and images from the simulation to explain how your understanding applies. Simulation tip: Remember that the Normal dashed line and protractor will help take measurements.. D Sam AALOO Sending Light PHETE 5. Experiment to find ways to make rainbows. a. Insert at least one setup where light passing through a prism gives a rainbow and describe why a rainbow is formed. b. Explain why only some types of light will yield rainbows. Investigating critical angle and Total Internal Reflection using a PhET simulation Step 1 button. Choose "Intro' and Go to https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/bending light, click on the set it up so that it looks like the screenshot below. The material in the top half should be water, the material in the bottom half should be air, and the angle of incidence should be about 30°. PHET 080
Step 2 Gradually increase the angle of incidence until != 40". The cropped screenshot on the right should help. Read off and record the angles of reflection and refraction below. Angle of reflection = Angle of refraction= Step 3 Keep increasing the angle of incidence until the angle of refraction is as close to 90" as you can get it. (See the cropped screenshot on the right) If you increase the angle of incidence further then the refracted ray will disappear. The angle when this happens is called the "critical angle" for water. Record the critical angle for water here: Critical angle for water = Step 4 Return the angle of incidence to 0 and change the material in the top half to glass. Repeat step 3 to find the critical angle for glass. Record it here: Critical angle for glass= Step 5 Repeat the process to find the critical angle for material Mystery A and Mystery B. Record the results here: Critical angle for Mystery A = Critical angle for Mystery B 68 5 0 18 30 2 18 4 8 60 8
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