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Item Mass of object (kg) Mass of cup (kg) Mass of stirrer (kg) Mass of cup plus water and stirrer (kg) Mass of water (kg) Initial Temperature of Metal (deg C) Initial Temperature of Water (deg C) Final Temperature of Water (deg C) Analysis of data Item Specific Heat of Metal 0.2715 Value 0.2715 kg 0.0366 kg 0.0308 kg 0.2124 kg 0.1450 kg 84.6 C 21.07 C 27.75 C Value (J/kgC) 288.9721 J/kgC Cm(84.6-27.75) * = 0.145 4186(27.75) + 0.0366 901(27.75-21.07) + 0.0308 *901(27.75-21.07) Cm= = 288.9721 J kgC
Temperature 29 22222222 28 27 26 25 24 23 21 D Temperature vs. Time fgcu.edu 0-1188 20 03:43.50 Run #1 T Temperature vs. Time Temperature (°C) Run #1 27.75366°C 100 120 140 260 60 80 Wreless Temperature Semor 2.00 H Time (s) Perunding 200 220
Specific Heat of an Unknown Metal Goal The purpose of this activity is to determine the specific heat of a metal object and identity the metal based on its specific heat. Prerequisites College Physics by Serway and Vuille: Chapter 11. or Physics for Scientists and Engineers by Serway and Jewett: Chapter 20. Set-up Calorimeter Temperature Sensor Unknown Metal Water Theoretical Overview The amount of thermal energy that an object must absorb to change its temperature by one degree is called its heat capacity. The amount of ther- mal energy that a single gram of a specific material must absorb in order to change its temperature by one degree is the material's specific heat capacity, or specific heat. The specific heat of water is a standard to which specific heats of other substances are compared. When thermal energy flows into or out of an object, its temperature changes. The amount of change depends on the mass of the object, the material from which the object is made, and the temperature of the environment. The specific heat of the material can be found using a known quantity of water and a calorimeter. The calorimeter is relatively well insulated so very little thermal energy will come from or go into the surrounding air. Assume that thermal energy is conserved inside the calorimeter. This means that whatever thermal energy is gained or lost by an object put into the calorimeter is equal to the thermal energy gained or lost by the water in the calorimeter. The equation describes that the change in thermal energy, AQ, depends on the mass, m, the specific heat, c, and the change in temperature, AT.
9. Record the values in the table: Item Mass of object (kg) Mass of cup (kg) Mass of stirrer (kg) Mass of cup plus water and stirrer (kg) Mass of water (kg) Initial Temperature of Metal (deg C) Initial Temperature of Water (deg C) Final Temperature of Water (deg C) 10. Calculate the specific heat of the unknown metal. The specific heat of water, C is 4186 J/kg°C. Remember that the final temperature of the waterthe equilibrium temperatureis also the final temperature of the metal object. 11. Solve for the specific heat of the object, Cm- Analysis of data Item Value (J/kg°C) Specific Heat of Metal The table shows some specific heats of common metals: Metal Specific Heat (J/kg°C) | Metal Specific Heat (J/kg°C) aluminum 901 iron 449 brass 380 lead 128 copper 386 silver 234 gold 129 steel 450 QUESTIONS 1. Describe, in words, what happened to the temperature on the graph. 2. What kind of metal is the object? 3. Compare the value you obtained with your data (measured) to the value in the list (accepted). For example, what is the percent difference between your measured value and accepted value %diff=accepted measured-x100/accepted 4. What are some possible sources of error? Value