Answer Happy

4: Data Processing (30 marks] Using the data provided in the Appendix complete the following: Calculate the ideal Carnot cycle efficiency of the engine for the five different conditions which have been tested. Please sketch a temperature entropy diagram as part of your answer, and clearly show your calculations, specifying any assumptions you need to make (if any). Produce a Willans line from all the recorded set-points. The Willans line is a plot of steam flow in kg/h on the Y-axis, and engine power in Watts on the x-axis (from all the five loading conditions the engine went through). This allows you to approximate the engine losses. You do this by extrapolating the line to cross with the x axis. The point where the line intersects with the x-axis gives an indication of the approximate engine losses. Be careful with the units on this one; mass flow is recorded as ml/min, so you'll need to convert to mass. Produce a specific steam consumption vs. engine power plot from all the recorded set points. In this plot, the specific steam consumption (kg/kWh) is on the Y-axis, and the engine power in Watts is on the x-axis. Perform a Rankine Cycle analysis for the set point at the highest torque, calculating the cycle efficiency. Note that there are at least a few different methods to calculate the Rankine cycle efficiency, each requiring their own assumptions. Briefly, explain what assumptions you've taken, and in the best case, calculate the efficiency using more than one method so you have something to compare in the analysis of the report. Please sketch a temperature entropy diagram as part of your answer, and clearly show your calculations. Also attempt to calculate the isentropic efficiency of the steam engine (compare against the Carnot Cycle efficiency in your analysis section). 5: Analysis (30 marks] Analyse, discuss, and evaluate all the results. The following should be addressed in your report: In general, explain any assumption you need to make in order to carry out your calculations, and describe in your own words how reasonable these assumptions are. Use numerical data from your results section to back up your points. 1 H3053 Thermal Power Cycles, 2021-2022 Explain the differences in the efficiencies obtained from the Ideal Carnot Cycle and the Rankine Cycle calculations. Suggest and attempt to briefly justify how accurate your obtained efficiency reading is (from the Rankine cycle analysis). At the very least you could approximate the uncertainties in all of your measurements, and estimate the overall uncertainty in your efficiency reading this way. You could also try to find data in the literature, to compare against. Explain how the Willans line can be used to estimate power losses, and discuss the accuracy and drawbacks of this method. Explain the features of the specific steam consumption vs. engine power plot (i.e. what it means), and evaluate this data, commenting on whether it makes sense or not. Suggest at least five improvements for this test-rig and the experiment. These suggestions could be improvements to the procedure, improvements to the number of sensors and/or their location, and improvements to the overall construction/design of the test rig. Briefly justify what you would gain from each improvement. Some of these suggestions may actually be used to improve this test rig for future years so I'm very interested to hear your opinions.
T1 T2 T3 T4 Torque Motor Speed RPM Motor Power w Heater Power Condensate Flow ml/min Condensate Temperature °C Boiler Pressure kN/m? Motor Pressure kN/m2 T (extra), Engine Exit °C w "С °C Nm °C °C 0.1 1990 22 3000 66 21.1 300 105 1433/ 21.8 41 90.1 0.21 1970 45 300 75 21.7 295 140 143 7 21.2 44.790.7 0.3 1910 64 3000 84 20.6 300 165 143.3 20.648.191.6 0341960 74 3600 88 20.5 20.5 290 185 142.2 / 191 49.692. 0.421980 88 3000 90 90 20.2 290 200 142.3 / 19.5 51.1 92 Dryness Fraction Experiment Boiler Pressure = 285 kN/m² , Boiler Temperature = 143 °C , Calorimeter Temperature = 103.7 °C = 2