Answer Happy

E B m Figure 1: Angular positions during phases of a golf swing representing A) the address, 8) tokeaway, C) top of the backswing, D) downswing, E) and Impact One determinant of a successful golf shot is the speed of contact of the golf club head when the club head meets the golf ball. The motion at impact is a linear one, where the linear momentum of the golf club head transfers from the club to the golf ball. Due to the Law of Conservation of Momentum, the momentum of the club head transfers to the golf ball aiding the smaller massed golf ball to have an even greater takeoff velocity and potentially longer shot down the fairway. The linear component of the golf club's speed at impact comes from angular movements that occurred prior to Impact resulting from a series of angular movements starting at the hips, trunk, shoulders, and ending at the wrists, These angular movements can be quantified using angular kinematics and the relationship between angular descriptors of motions and their resulting linear components. Qualitatively we can also describe the angular kinematics occurring during a golf swing using time series graphs. The following position-time curve represent the change in angular position of the arm and golf club during the downswing phase, starting at the top of the backswing until impact. During this phase of the golf swing, the arm starts at an angle close to 100* relative to the right horizontal and moves through a positive change in angle until an angle of approximately 270* Is reached. The golf club moves through a similar positive change in motion and is assess relative to the arm, beginning at an angle near 50% relative to the arm and increasing to an angle close to 180 degrees relative to the arm. Because there is a continuous change in position across time, we can using our understanding of angular velocity and acceleration to describe this change in angular position of the arm and club across time. Instructions: The downswing of the golf swing is broken into 4 subphases A.D. For each subphase, describe the angular velocity and acceleration of the arm and club based on the change in angular position of the arm and club. All answers must be clearly stated and written in full sentences. All answers are individual, there is no sharing or copying of answers between classmates or from previous semesters. Full credit will include a critical evaluation of angular kinematics using the angular kinematics lecture for proper terminology, description of motion, and justification of answers. An example is
c D E 5- dos Am 200 ANGULAR DISPLACEMENT (rad olive lo 100 broad 1 81 os 020 025 1 2 3 4 0.05 o 10 TIME Figure 2 (left): Angular positions of the arm and club during the downswing beginning at the top of the backswing (C) until impoct (). Figure 2b (Right): Time series representing the change in angular position of the arm and club 1: (de vec x 10 20 1 2 30 2 3 4 15 Impact 2: ANGULAR VELOCITY (radisoc) 201 10 10 CM relative 0 000 3. During subphase C, the arm is reaching its peak velocity suggesting arm velocity has reached its maximal speed and will begin slowdown to transfer its momentum to the club. The club velocity is positive and increasing (final >initial) during this same period suggesting the club is continuing to increase in speed in preparation for impact with the golf ball. 0.05 0.10 0.15 TIME() 020 0.25 4: 16 (degen 16 CA0 1: Loop NOU 100 Aim
30 2 3 4 -15 Impact 2: ANGULAR VELOCITY (radise im 20- 10 10- Club live 1 the arm 0- 0.00 3. During subphase C, the arm is reaching its peak velocity suggesting arm velocity has reached its maximal speed and will begin slowdown to transfer its momentum to the club. The club velocity is positive and increasing (final >initial) during this same period suggesting the club is continuing to increase in speed in preparation for impact with the golf ball 005 0.20 0.25 0.10 0.15 TIME() 4: (dogs 150 109 1: 100 Arm Club rolan to their 50 ANGULAR ACCELERATION (rad se 2: 0 35 1 2 3 4 -50 Impact -100 TIME) 3. During subphase C, arm acceleration changes from positive acceleration to negative acceleration as angular velocity has reached its peak and the arm needs to slowdown. Club acceleration is near maximal during subphase C in order to achieve high tangential velocities at impact resulting from high angular velocities. 4: